Transcript Controlling invasive species: herbicide

5) Management
c) Control
The Nature Conservancy handbook of weed management:
http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/handbook.html
http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu has lots of useful information
including case studies
5) Management
c) Control
i)
Chemical control
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool, but often creates other hazards
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool, but often creates other hazards
• Evolution of resistance
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool, but often creates other hazards
• Evolution of resistance
• Herbicide needs to be approved for target species
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool, but often creates other hazards
• Evolution of resistance
• Herbicide needs to be approved for target species
• Often expensive
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool, but often creates other hazards
• Evolution of resistance
• Herbicide needs to be approved for target species
• Often expensive
• Public opposition
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool, but often creates other hazards
• Evolution of resistance
• Herbicide needs to be approved for target species
• Often expensive
• Public opposition
• Many above compounded by need for repeated applications
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
To spray, or not to spray?
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
To spray, or not to spray?
• Does the “good” outweigh the “bad”?
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
To spray, or not to spray?
• Does the “good” outweigh the “bad”?
How effective is herbicide against targets?
Will herbicide affect non-targets?
Will herbicide use conflict with other management goals/uses?
Will there be adverse environmental impacts?
Is it cost effective?
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
To spray, or not to spray?
• Does the “good” outweigh the “bad”?
• Can the herbicide be practically and safely used?
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
To spray, or not to spray?
• Does the “good” outweigh the “bad”?
• Can the herbicide be practically and safely used?
Have you read and understood the label?
What are the safety protocols for storing, mixing, transporting,
using, disposing of herbicide?
What are federal, state, & local regulations for use of herbicide?
Is specific or general applicator training or permits required?
Is the appropriate protective gear available and practical to use?
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
Based on chemical structure
• Mode of action
Similar chemical structure usually similar modes of action, but
different structure can also give similar modes of action
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
Auxin mimics
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
Auxin mimics
Mitosis inhibitors
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
Auxin mimics
Mitosis inhibitors
Photosynthesis inhibitors
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
Auxin mimics
Mitosis inhibitors
Photosynthesis inhibitors
Amino acid synthesis inhibitors
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
Auxin mimics
Mitosis inhibitors
Photosynthesis inhibitors
Amino acid synthesis inhibitors
Lipid synthesis inhibitors
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
Ingredients
Active ingredients
Adjuvants
Solvents, carriers, dyes
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
Ingredients
Form
Liquid, sprayable
Dry granules, pellets, or dusts
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
Movement
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
Movement
Immobilization
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
Movement
Immobilization
Degradation
Photodegradation
Microbial degradation
Chemical decomposition
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
Movement
Immobilization
Degradation
Photodegradation
Microbial degradation
Chemical decomposition
Volatilization
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
• Toxicity
LD50 / LC50
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
• Toxicity
LD50 / LC50
Human toxicity
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
• Toxicity
LD50 / LC50
Human toxicity
Adjuvants, impurities, & degradation products
5) Management
c) Control
i) Chemical control
Chief tool, but:
• Evolution of resistance
• Approved for target species
• Expensive
• Public opposition
• Repeated applications
To spray, or not to spray
• Does the “good” outweigh the “bad”?
• Can the herbicide be practically and safely used?
Which herbicide to use?
• Herbicide families
• Mode of action
• Pre-emergent vs post-emergent
• Formulation
• Dissipation
• Toxicity