Transcript Honors Cellular Respiration

Respiration
How does respiration work??
Define:
• CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
• AEROBIC RESPRIATION
• ANAEROBE
• AEROBE
Has no respiratory system
• !
Cell Energy
• Energy is essential for life
– Active transport, cell division,
flagella movement, protein
production
• Some capture energy from
light or chemicals
– Autotrophs
• Others eat those that capture
energy
– heterotrophs
So Where Is Energy Found?
Energy is stored in chemical bonds of ATP
– Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
• Adenosine molecule with three phosphate groups
• Energy carrier molecule of the cell
Question…?
How do you release the
energy stored in the bonds?
Answer
Break the
bond!
Energy is Stored in the BOND!
Forming and Breaking Down ATP
• Adenosine monophosphate
(AMP)
• Adenosine diphosphate
(ADP)
• Adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)
• ATP  ADP + P + Energy
• Energy + P + ADP  ATP
What is Cellular Respiration?
The release of chemical energy for
use by cells.
Once the energy that was in sunlight is
changed into chemical energy by
photosynthesis, an organism has to transform
the chemical energy into a a form that can be
used by the organism.
This process is cellular respiration.
Describe Cellular Respiration
1. The breakdown of glucose
molecules to release energy
2. Takes place in all living things
3. Is a step by step process
What is the chemical equation
for cellular respiration?
EQUATION FOR
RESPIRATION
CARBON
DIOXIDE
GLUCOSE
C6H12O6 + 6O2
OXYGEN
ATP
6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY
WATER
Cellular Respiration
• Process by which mitochondria break down
food molecules to produce ATP
• Three Stages
– Glycolysis – Anaerobic
– Citric Acid Cycle – Aerobic
– Electron Transport Chain - Aerobic
Glycolysis
• Glucose gets broken into two three carbon
pyruvic acids
• 2 ATP used to start this reaction
• Reaction produces 4 ATP
• Net gain = 2 ATP
• NAD+ = electron carrier = NADH when it
accepts two electrons
• Pyruvic molecules move into Mitochondria
• IF OXYGEN IS PRESENT then the Citric Acid cycle
takes place
– Pyruvic acid loses one carbon (CO2)
– Combines with Coenzyme A to create Acetyl-CoA
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)
Electron Transport Chain
Fermentation
• Times when there is not enough oxygen
to do Citric Acid Cycle
• Net Gain = 2 ATP
• Two major types
– Lactic Acid
– Alcoholic
Respiration
PROTEINS
CYTOPLASM
GLYCOLOSIS
HAPPENS HERE!
CARBO’S
(SUGARS)
FATS
(LIPIDS)
AMINO
ACIDS
GLUCOSE
C6H12O6
GLYCOLOSIS
IN CYTOPLASM
NO OXYGEN!
ATP TOTALS
GLYCOLOSIS=2
PYRUVIC
ACID
RESPIRATION=34
BOTH=36!
MAKES
2 ATPS
ACETYL-CoA
CO2 IS
RELEASED
O2 ENTERS
HERE
MITOCHONDRIA
RESPIRATION HAPPENS IN
THIS ORGANELLE!
KREBS CYCLE
AND
ELECTRON
TANSPORT
MAKES
34 ATPS
The End