Transcript Chapter 1 Review

Chapter 1 Review
Living Things & Scientific
Investigation
Science
• The study of the natural world and natural
phenomena to improve our way of life.
Scientific Investigation
• Observation- is gathering data through
using 5 senses.
• Data – is the information gathered
through observation and recording
experimental results.
Inference
• Inference – is to use PRIOR knowledge to
make a decision or propose a solution to a
problem.
Variables
• Manipulated – is the independent variable
that is changed on purpose to test the
hypothesis.
• Responding – is the dependent variable
that changes based on the manipulative, it
is measurable in comparison to the
control.
Control
• Control -The part of the experiment used
for comparison that goes unchanged.
Reproduction
• Sexual – two parents are needed to
produce offspring.
• Asexual – one parent has both sex organs
to produce offspring alone.
Hypothesis
• 1. Is a proposed scientific explanation for
a set of observations.
• 2. Educated guess!
Cell Culture
• Groups of cells developed from one
original cell.
Data
• Information gathered from an experiment.
Evolve
• To change over time.
Metric System
• Decimal system based on certain
standards and scaled on the multiples of
10.
Homeostasis
• Process of keeping internal conditions
fairly constant.
Cell fractionation
• Technique that separates different cell
parts
Microscope
• A device that produces images of
structures that are too small to see with
the unaided eye.
Biology
• The science that seeks to understand the
living world.
Theory
• Well-tested explanation that unifies a
broad range of observations.
Spontaneous Generation
• Spontaneous Generation Theory was
disproved by Redi’s “Flies produce
Maggots,” experiment with the meat in the
jars..
Cell
• A collection of living matter enclosed in an
barrier (membrane) that separates it from
its surroundings.
Metabolism
• The chemical change in an organism. The
chemical flow rate inside of an organism
that builds up or breaks down materials.
Microscope
• Compound Light Microscope – has two lenses
and a light.
• Scanning Electron Microscope – passes electrons
across a specimen and produces and image on
a screen.
• Transmission Electron Microscope- passes
electrons through the specimen send s the
image to the screen.
Living Things
• Molecules
• Organelles
• Cells
• Tissues
• Organs
• Organ Systems
• Organisms
Living Things Needs
• Macromolecules
– Carbohydrates - Sugars
– Lipids – fats and oils
– Proteins – amino acid combinations
– Nucleic Acids – deoxyribose sugars and ribose
sugars with nucleotides
Living Things Use
• Energy – is heat released to do work.
– Measured in calories.
• Water – to preserve, protects, and
transport nutrients, minerals, and energy
products.
• Senses – to react to the environment
Living Things Use
• Nutrients – to build and replace parts
• Minerals – to restore, replace and preserve
energy.
• Vitamins – small amounts provide balance
nutrition