Transcript Biology in the 21st Century

Biology in the 21st Century
What is Science?
Science is understanding how the natural world works
by observing physical evidence.
What is not Science?
 Pseudoscience - False science
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Dowsing Rods
Reflexology
Astrology
Miracle cures
Needle/washers
Reflexology
What is Biology?
 The study of life science
 Kingdoms of Life
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Animals
Plants
Bacteria
Fungi
Protists
 What other fields of
biology are there?
Largest vs. Smallest
Animals
Plants
Fungus
Protist
Bacteria
Characteristics of Life
 All organisms share certain characteristics.
Characteristics of Life
 WHAT ARE THE 4
MAJOR
CHARACTERISTICS?
 Respond to stimuli
 Exchange nutrients
 Birth or born
 Water
 Movement
 Exchange gases
 Communication
 Die or end processes
 Reproduction
 Grow or mature
Structure is related to Function
 Structures are parts of an organism
 Functions are the way the parts work
 Does heart muscle have the same structure as arm
muscle?
Levels of Biological
Organization
 Atom
 Organisms
 Molecule
 Populations
 Macromolecule
 Community
 Organelles
 Ecosystem
 Cell
 Biome
 Tissues
 Biosphere
 Organs
 Organ Systems
Biologists’ Tools and
Technology
 Imaging technologies provide new views of life
Light Microscope
 Magnify up to 400x (classroom scopes)
 Living or preserved specimens
 Good for viewing cells and bacteria
Scanning Electron
Microscope
 Magnify up to 1500x
 Specimen must be preserved
 Surface features visible
Transmission Electron
Microscope
 Magnify up to 5000x
 Specimen must be preserved as a SLICE
 Sees through the specimen for details
Medical Imaging
 X-rays
 MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging
 Living specimens = PEOPLE
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 What are some different types of cells that can be
observed with a light microscope?
 Are they unicellular organisms or part of a
multicellular organism? How can you tell?
 Are they prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
 Bacteria or other cells
 Simple or complex