Transcript Regulation of enzyme activity. Enzymodiagnostic. Enzymopathy

Regulation of enzyme activity. Enzymodiagnostic.
Enzymopathy. Enzymotherapy.
An important first step in restoring
health and well-being by helping to
remedy digestive problems. Food
(plant) enzymes and pancreatic
(animal) enzymes are used in
complementary ways to improve
digestion and absorption of essential
nutrients. Treatment includes
enzyme supplements, coupled with
healthy diet that features whole
foods. Plant-derived enzymes and
pancreatic enzymes can be used
independently or in combination.
A chart of the numerous digestive enzymes
of the body and their functions
.
• Amylasedigests starchesBromelaina proteolytic, anti-inflammatory
food enzyme from pineapple. Aids digestion of fatsCatalaseworks
with SOD to reduce free radical productionCellulasedigests cellulose,
the fibrous component of most vegtable matter Chymotrypsinhelps
convert chyme Diastasea pontent vegtable starch
digestantLactasedigests lactose, or milk sugar, (almost 65% of humans
are deficient).Lipasedigests fats.Mycozymea single-celled plant
enzyme for digestion of starches.Pancreatina broad spectrum,
proteolytic digestive aid, derived from secretions of animal pancreas;
important in degenerative disease research. Papin and
chymopapainproteolytic food enzymes from unripe papaya; a
veegatable pepsin for digesion of proteins. These enzymes help loosen
nercotic and encrusted waste material from the intestinal walls.Pepsina
proteolytic enzyme that breaks down proteins into peptides. Can digest
3500 times its weight in proteins.Proteasedigests proteinsRenninhelps
digest cow's milk products.Trypsina proteoytic enzyme
enzymopathy
• Any of various disturbances of enzyme
function, such as the genetic deficiency of a
specific enzyme.
Celiakia
INBORN ERRORS OF AMINO ACIDS METABOLISM
Alcaptonuria –
inherited disorder
of the tyrosine
metabolism caused
by the absence of
homogentisate
oxidase.
As a result, a substance called homogentisic acid builds up in the
skin and other body tissues. The acid leaves the body through the
urine. The urine turns brownish-black when it mixes with air.
Alkaptonuria is inherited, which means it is passed down from
parents to their children. To get this disease, each of your parents
must pass you a copy of the faulty HGD gene.
Symptoms
• Urine in an infant's diaper may darken and can turn
almost black after several hours. However, many
persons with this condition may not know they have it
until mid-adulthood (around age 40), when joint and
other problems occur.
• Symptoms may include:
• Arthritis (especially of the spine) that gets worse over
time
• Darkening of the ear
• Dark spots on the white of the eye (sclera) and cornea
 homogentisic acid is accumulated and
excreted in the urine
 turns a black color upon exposure to air
 In children:
 urine in diaper may
darken
 In adults:
 darkening of the ear
 dark spots on the on the
sclera and cornea
 arthritis
Maple syrup urine disease - the disorder of the
oxidative decarboxylation of -ketoacids derived
from valine, isoleucine, and leucine caused by the
missing or defect of branched-chain dehydrogenase.
The levels of branched-chain amino
acids and corresponding -ketoacids
are markedly elevated in both blood
and urine.
The urine has the odor of maple syrup
The early symptoms:
 lethargy
 ketoacidosis
 unrecognized disease leads to
seizures, coma, and death
 mental and physical retardation
Phenylketonuria is caused by an absence or deficiency
of phenylalanine hydroxylase or of its
tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor.
Phenylalanine accumulates in all body fluids and converts
to phenylpyruvate.
Defect in
myelination of nerves
The brain weight is
below normal.
Mental and physical
retardations.
The life expectancy
is drastically
shortened.
Diagnostic criteria:
 phenylalanine level in
the blood
 FeCl3 test
 DNA probes
(prenatal)