Transcript Nutrition - Montgomery County Schools

Nutrition
Nutrients
A nutrient is a chemical
substance in foods that:



builds, repairs, and maintains body
tissues
regulates body processes
provides energy (measured in
calories)
CARBOHYDRATES
Carbohydrates
A
chemical composed of one or
more simple sugars.
 Carbohydrates
starches
can be sugars or
Carbohydrates
Simple
Enters the blood
stream rapidly and
provides short-term
energy.
 Examples: Sugar,
enriched flour (white
bread), fruit,
desserts, and soda.

Complex
Provides long-lasting
energy.
 Examples: Starches
such as rice, pasta,
cereal, bread, and
vegetables.

Fiber
 Found
in carbohydrates
 Helps your digestive system to stay
healthy by moving other digested
food through your intestines.
Role of Carbohydrates
 Main
source of energy for your body
 Helps to burn fat
 Fiber – moves digested food
through intestines
decreased
risk of colon cancer
PROTEIN
Protein
 Made
up of chains of building blocks
called amino acids
 22
amino acids
14
made by body
8 must come from food
 Examples:
meat, poultry, fish, dairy
products, beans, nuts, and eggs.
Role of Protein
 Build,
maintain, and repair tissues and
cells
 Help body break down and use
nutrients for energy
 Protect the body from germs that cause
sickness
FAT
Fat
 An
energy-storage nutrient that helps
the body store some vitamins
Fat
Saturated
Usually solid at room
temp.
 Too much increases
blood cholesterol
 Examples: meat,
dairy products, and
coconut and palm oils

Unsaturated
Usually liquid at room
temp.
 A better choice than
saturated
 Examples: olive,
peanut, canola,
sunflower, corn, and
soybean oils

Role of Fat
 Transports
fat-soluble vitamins
 Makes hormones
 Regulates body functions
 Protects the body from temp. change
 Cushions the organs
VITAMINS
Vitamins
 Organic
compounds that control many
body functions
 Fat-soluble – in the presence of fat,
they dissolve

Examples: A, D, E, K
 Water-soluble
– in the presence of
water they dissolve

Examples: B and C
MINERALS
Minerals
 Elements
essential for good health
 Examples: calcium, iron, potassium,
sodium, etc.
WATER
Water
 The
most important nutrient
 Sources – drinking water, fruits and
vegetables, soup, fruit juices, and milk
Role of Water
 Regulates
body temp and blood volume
 Removes waste
 Cushions joints, eyes, spinal cord, and
in pregnancy, the amniotic sac
 Helps dissolve some vitamins and
minerals
Interesting Facts about H2O
If it were possible to drain all the water
from a 160-pound man, his dehydrated
body would weigh only 64 pounds.
 A chicken is about 3/4 water, and a
pineapple is about 4/5 water
 Humans take in over 16,000 gallons of
water during their lifetimes, with an
average of 2.5 quarts a day

Homemade Sports Drink
Makes about 2 quarts
4 Tbsp. sugar
 ¼ tsp. salt
 ¼ cup boiling water
 ¼ cup orange juice (not concentrate) or 2 Tbsp. lemon juice
 3 ¾ cups cold water
Directions:
In the bottom of a pitcher, dissolve the sugar and salt in the boiling water
Add the juice and remaining water; chill
Quench the thirst!
Nutrition Information:
Total Calories: 200
Calories per 8 oz: 50
Carbohydrate: 12 g
Sodium: 110 mg
Potassium: 30mg
