Transcript The Play is the thing… - Biology Learning Center

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Transcription
& Translation
•Transcription: writing
again
•Translation: changing
languages
Today
we’ll go
from
here...
Text
To here
Off to see the
Sendingwizard...
‘messages’ out from DNA
• DNA
replication
– both strands => new
DNA
– => new cell
• Transcription
– 1 strand => new RNA
– => new protein
20 toys
•
•
•
•
EVERY one has a blue part. Chem name?
EVERY one has a red part. Chem name?
Thus these are all…?
How many are there?
Amino Acids
• How are they similar?
• How are they different?
• What do the differences mean in terms of
“feel”?
• How many are there?
• Possible?
Amino Acids
• You & partner have an amino acid;
which is it? (StructViewer or
homepage => left column ‘big twenty’
amino acids)
Nucleic Acids
• How are they similar?
• How are they different?
• What do the differences mean in terms of
“feel”?
• Which is more diverse in terms of shape and
‘feel’?
• Which would allow for more diverse shapes
and surfaces when ‘connected’?
How does a codon ‘mean’ an
amino acid?
The Play is the
thing…
The Play is the
thing…
Or, Fun With Blocks
The Play is the
thing…
• ‘Types of Bonds’
– Velcro – can be easily broken/re-made
during lab
– Duct tape – breaking it gets you and zero
(0) for this week’s quiz
The Play is the
thing…
• The Players
The Play is the
thing…
• The Players
– tRNA
The Play is the
thing…
• The Players
– tRNA
– Ribosome
The Play is the
thing…
• The Players
– tRNA
– Ribosome
– Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
The Play is the
thing…
• The Players
– tRNA
– Ribosome
– Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
– RNA polymerase
The Play is the
thing…
• The Players
– tRNA (4 people)
– Ribosome (1)
– Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (4)
– RNA polymerase (1-2) * and RNA
– Termination factor (1)
Blinding you with Science (jargon)
RNA Polymerase: joins RNA links into a chain
mRNA: messenger RNA; RNA string copied (‘transcribed’) from DNA
tRNA: transfer RNA; one of many RNA molecules that carry specific
amino acids
ribosome: giant machine (>200 proteins, 4 RNAs (2 > 1000
nucleotides) that oversees the reading of the mRNA and the creation
of polypeptide
aminoacyl tRNA synthetase: protein machine adds amino acid to
tRNAs
Termination factor: ‘reads’ UAA etc., => ribosome looses the peptide &
falls apart
Learning your
‘lines’
• Handout: Each group find questions
related to their role; answer them
• Lab manual, textbook, internet OK as
sources
• Meet your blocks-- 5’ is the end that
sticks to hair, socks, shirts
5’ end is pointy/spiky
3’ end is soft/furry
DNA Template
• 5’ CTTAAATCCGAATGCCCATG 3’
5’ is “sticky”, 3’ is “fuzzy”
5’ CTTAAATCCGAATGCCCATG 3’
5’ is “sticky”, 3’ is “fuzzy”
Wielding the Power
• ‘Recall’ that ribosome assembly is the
result of methionine tRNA finding a
match on mRNA in presence of small
ribosome subunit
• Only methionine tRNA (it will ‘know
itself’ once crowned by the synthetase
that hands out met) can team with
small ribosomal subunit & join with the
‘AUG’!
Ready…. Go!
• mRNA at the central bench
• ribosome assembles around it
• synthetases at bench corners (or ‘diffuse’ opp.
direction vs. tRNA)
• tRNAs will ‘diffuse’ by following a path through the
room
• When any event first happens*, action stops,
molecules involved will announce, explain
• Go until a protein happens
“Who” knows what’s
going on?
• What happens if a tRNA carries the
wrong amino acid?
• What happens if the mRNA contains a
copy error relative to DNA?
• What happens if a tRNA has a mutated
anticodon
Exit
Condition
1.) Pair up (two in a group)
2.) Write your names and SECTION at the top of the paper
3.) EXPLAIN the process of TRANSLATION
Include the following in your answer:
tRNA
mRNA
Ribosome
AUG codon
RNA polymerase
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
Termination factor
diffusion
Meet your
new best
friend
Protocol:
(1) Put a ½ inch layer of milk into a picnic
plate
(2) Add a drop of each of several food
colorings at different locations towards
the perimeter
(3) Touch a wooden stick to a dab of
dishwashing detergent
(4) Touch the detergent to the center of the
milk
(5) Observe!
WHAT DID
YOU SEE?
-Hypothesize: What
all is going on? How
can you test your