Transcript STANDARD WHII.2a

STANDARD WHII.2a
The student will demonstrate an understanding of the political,
cultural, and economic conditions in the world about 1500 a.d. by
a) locating major states and empires.
b) describing artistic, literary, and intellectual ideas of the
Renaissance.
c) describing the distribution of major religions.
d) analyzing major trade patterns.
e) citing major technological and scientific exchanges in the
Eastern Hemisphere.
STANDARD WHII.2a
• Location of some of the major states and
empires in the Eastern Hemisphere:
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England
France
Spain
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Persia
China
Mughal India
Songhai Empire
STANDARD WHII.2a
• Location of major states and empires in
the Western Hemisphere
– Incan Empire
– Mayan Empire
– Aztec Empire
STANDARD WHII.2b
• Renaissance (1350-1600)
– “Rebirth” of classical knowledge, “birth” of the
modern world
– Rebirth of the study of Greek and Roman culture
– Rebirth in education (secular)
– Spread of the Renaissance from the Italian
city states to northern Europe
– Starts out in Sothern Italy and works it way north through
trade
STANDARD WHII.2b
• Contributions of the Renaissance
– Accomplishments in the visual arts—
Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci
– Accomplishments in literature (sonnets, plays,
essays)—Shakespeare
– Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth
– Accomplishments in intellectual ideas
(humanism)—Erasmus
-is an approach in study, philosophy, or practice that
focuses on human values and concerns.
Erasmus lived through the Reformation period and
he consistently criticized some contemporary
popular Christian beliefs. In relation to clerical
abuses in the Church, Erasmus remained
committed to reforming the Church from within.
Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H.
• R. Rebirth of Greek & Roman classic culture
– Classics – ideas of ancient Rome & Greece
Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H.
• E.Established in Italian city-states
 Strategically located
 ALL trade between Asia,
Europe & Africa
 Merchants became very
wealthy – art patrons
 New banking practices
 Credit / checking
accounts
 Why not carry cash?
Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H.
• B. Birth of the “modern” world
– Less superstition
– Education, literature encouraged
– Sports, art, music important
– Study of history & science
Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H.
• I. Italian Artists – Michelangelo & Leonardo Da
Vinci
• painted ceiling of
• invented new style of
painting based on perspective
Sistine Chapel
•Sculpted David
•Called the “Renaissance
Man” (scientist, inventor, etc.)
Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H.
Renaissance spreads from Italy
Northern Europe
– How do ideas spread?
– Invention of the printing press by Gutenberg (1440)
Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H.
• TTheater – Shakespeare wrote plays & sonnets
– Shakespeare – best know English playwright
• Romeo & Juliet
• Macbeth
• Hamlet
– Other accomplishments in literature
• Machiavelli – The Prince
• Guidelines for obtaining & maintaining absolute power
Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H.
• Humanism
– driving philosophy of the Renaissance
– Emphasis on the “secular world,” not “afterlife”
– Individual has importance
– Questioning spirit
– Drew inspiration from classical civilizations
• Greco-Roman
• Erasmus
– Dutch humanist
– Wrote The Praise of Folly
• Made fun of church practices
Renaissance Art
• Lifelike
– looked realistic; artists studied the body
• Perspective
– had depth; 3D
• Emotion
– revealed artist’s feelings
• Sometimes secular
– (non-religious)
Sistine Chapel
Vatican City
Michelangelo
David
Michelangelo
La Pieta
Michelangelo
Man is the Measure
Leonardo Da Vinci
Man is the Measure
Leonardo Da Vinci
The Last Supper
Leonardo Da Vinci
Mona Lisa
Leonardo Da Vinci
Shakespearean Theater
The Praise of Folly
Erasmus
STANDARD WHII.2c
• Location and importance of world
religions in 1500 a.d.
– Judaism—Concentrated in Europe and the
Middle East
– Christianity—Concentrated in Europe and the
Middle East
– Islam—Parts of Asia, Africa, and southern
Europe
– Hinduism—India and part of Southeast Asia
– Buddhism—East and Southeast Asia
Essential Understandings
• By 1500 a.d., major states and empires had
developed in various regions of the world.
• New intellectual and artistic ideas that
developed during the Renaissance marked the
beginning of the modern world.
• By 1500 a.d., the five world religions had spread
to many areas of the Eastern Hemisphere.
STANDARD WHII.2d
• Traditional trade patterns linking Europe with
Asia and Africa
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Silk roads across Asia to the Mediterranean basin
Maritime routes across the Indian Ocean
Trans-Saharan routes across North Africa
Northern European links with the Black Sea
Western European sea and river trade
South China Sea and lands of Southeast Asia
• Importance of trade patterns
– Exchange of products and ideas
STANDARD WHII.2e
• Advancements exchanged along trade
routes
– Paper, compass, silk, porcelain (China)
– Textiles, numeral system (India and Middle
East)
– Scientific transfer—Medicine, astronomy,
mathematics
Essential Understandings
• By 1500, regional trade patterns had
developed that linked Africa, the Middle
East, Asia, and Europe.
• By 1500 a.d., technological and scientific
advancements had been exchanged
among cultures of the world
On the world political map, where were
some of the major states and empires
located around 1500 a.d.?
What were the artistic, literary, and
intellectual ideas of the Renaissance?
What technological and scientific
advancements had been made and
exchanged by 1500 a.d.?
STANDARD
WHII.2
Where were the five world religions
located around 1500 a.d.?
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5.
What were the regional trading patterns
around 1500 a.d.?
Why were the regional trading patterns
important?