Transcript Bio slides on cells - proteinsynthesis1unity

Cell structure and function-protein
synthesis
What is protein synthesis?
• Messenger RNA from the cell nucleus is
moved systemically along the ribosome where
transfer RNA adds individual amino acid
molecules to the lengthening protein chain
Ribosomes
Structure
• They are packets of RNA and protein
• They are the site of protein synthesis
• Each ribosome comprises of two parts,
a large subunit and a small subunit
Function
• Help make proteins
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Structure
• It appears "pebbled“ (rough) by
electron microscopy due to the
presence of numerous ribosomes
on its surface
Function
• It transports proteins made by
ribosomes to Golgi apparatus for
secretion out of the cell
Golgi apparatus(body and vesicles)
Structure
It is a membrane-bound structure with a single
membrane
Function
• (Golgi body) Stores and modifies substances made
by smooth and rough ER
• Packages these substances in vesicles for secretion
out of cell
• (Golgi vesicles) Cell secretions-eg: hormones, neurotransmitters(the brain
chemicals that communicate information throughout our brain and body)
are packaged in secretory vesicles by the Golgi body
• The secretory vesicles are then transported to the cell surface for release
QUIZ TIME!!!!!
QUESTION 1!
What is a Golgi
apparatus?
Hmm…who wants
answer?ehh…answer
got prize okay!
Okay answer is….
The golgi apparatus is
a mebrane-bound
structure with a single
membrane
QUESTION 2!
What are
neurotransmitters?
Raise your hand….
Don’t shout this is not a
market!!
And I just covered that just
now. I can’t believe you
forgot..:(
Okay answer…
Neurotransmitters are
the brain chemicals that
communicate information
throughout our brain and
body
Question 3!
What does each
ribosome comprise of?
Don’t know ah??
HINT: Subunits!
Okay answer…
Each ribosome
comprises of two
parts,a large subunit
and a small subunit
QUESTION 4!
What is the process of
protein synthesis?
Okay answer…
Messenger RNA from the cell
nucleus is moved systemically
along the ribosome where transfer
RNA adds individual amino acid
molecules to the lengthening
protein chain
QUESTION 5!
Why does the rough
endoplasmic reticulum appear
“pebbled”?
Okay answer…
It appears "pebbled" by electron
microscopy due to the presence of
numerous ribosomes on its surface
Okay that’s all!
Thank you!
Done by:
Teflyn Phua(31)
Tiffany Ng(32)
Val Low(33)
Wang Jia Yi(34)
Emerlynn Wee(35)
1 Unity