Transcript PPT
The Artistic Renaissance Early Renaissance: Focus – “imitation of nature” = naturalism!!! - Realism in composition - Perspective (+chiaroscuro, oil on canvas, pyramid configuration, and “sfumato”) - Classical and biblical scenes - Human form and emotion Notable artists: Massacio Botticelli Donatello Brunelleschi Francesca Gozzoli Comparing Classical, Medieval, and Renaissance Art Classical Art: Characteristics • Idealized/”perfect” figures • Bodies look “in motion,” often nude, or in togas • Faces are bland/calm / no emotion • Little background / sense of perspective • Subject: heroic figures, gods/goddesses Medieval Art: Characteristics • Subject – mostly religious • Visual “education” of illiterate Christians • Flat, 2-D figures, no emotion, stiff poses, clothed • Important figures – large / center • No background / perspective • Vibrant colors, background – one color Renaissance Art: Characteristics • Subjects – both religious and nonreligious • Bodies – idealized, in motion, nude or clothed. • Famous religious individuals and regular people doing regular tasks • Faces show emotions • Emphasis on realism, perspective (3-D), colors respond to light • Detailed background Massacio: The Expulsion of Adam and Eve Brancacci Chapel,(fresco), Florence (1425) Massacio. The Tribute Money fresco. Florence (1420s) A Perspective Diagram Benozzo Gozzoli. The Procession of the Magi. Palazzo Medici Riccardi, Florence, (1459-1460) The Procession of the Magi (details – Artist’s self-portrait) Boticelli, Primavera (Allegory of Spring), 1482. Florence Boticelli, The Birth of Venus, 1485. Boticelli. The Adoration of the Magi. Florence.1475. Piero della Francesca. Portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Urbino, 1467-1472. Link to KhanAcademy’s Smarthistory analysis of this painting Donatello David (c.1430-1440) and St.Mark (1411-1413) Brunelleschi Duomo’s dome Florence Brunelleschi, Santo Spirito, Florence, Italy,1441-1481. The Artistic High Renaissance (1480-1520) • From Florence to ROME (and Milan)! • Mastery of scientific observation • Idealization of realistic portrayal NOTABLE ARTISTS: Leonardo da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo Leonardo da Vinci The Last Supper (1498) The Last Supper: Details The Last Supper (details) The Vetruvian Man (c. 1490) and Mona Lisa (1503-1517) Raphael The Colonna Madonna (1508) Raphael The School of Athens (1509) The School of Athens (details) Plato (da Vinci) and Aristotle (Michelangelo) The School of Athens (Details) Raphael self-portrait The School of Athens: Who is who? According to Michael Lahanas in his book The School of Athens, “Who is Who?” Puzzle they are usually identified as follows: 1: Zeno of Citium 2: Epicurus 3: Federico II of Mantua 4: Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius or Anaximander or Empedocles 5: Averroes 6: Pythagoras 7: Alcibiades or Alexander the Great? 8: Antisthenes or Xenophon 9: Hypatia (Francesco Maria della Rovere) 10: Aeschines or Xenophon 11: Parmenides 12: Socrates 13: Heraclitus (Michelangelo) 14: Plato (Leonardo da Vinci) 15: Aristotle 16: Diogenes 17: Plotinus or Michelangelo 18: Euclid or Archimedes with students (Bramante) 19: Zoroaster 20: Ptolemy R: Apelles (Raphael) 21: Protogenes (Il Sodoma, Perugino, or Timoteo Viti) Michelangelo’s David (1501-1504) The Sistine Chapel, Vatican (1508-1512) Sistine Chapel, The Creation of Adam Sistine Chapel: The Last Judgement Dome, St.Peter’s Cathedral Northern Renaissance • Cultural revival in Northern Europe (The Holy Roman Empire, England, the Low Countries (Flanders) • “Devotional” art and scenes from everyday life. • Attention to details!!! • Some northern artists studied in Italy Jan van Eyck, Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride (1434) Link to KhanAcademy’s Smarthistory analysis of this painting Albrecht Durer, Adoration of the Magi (1504) and The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1498) Pieter Brueghel (the elder) Peasant Wedding (1567) The Hunters in the Snow (1565) Renaissance art as reflection of European society and politics Duke of Montefeltro and His Son (c.1475) by Pedro Berruguete or (and) Justus van Gent Albrecht Durer, Portrait of Katharina (1505) Moneychanger and His Wife (1514) by Quinten Massys The Massacre of the Innocents (1566) “Internet of the Day” – Gutenberg’s Printing Press