Transcript an evaluation of green manure plant trimings as substrates for oyster

EVALUATION OF GREEN MANURE
PLANT TRIMINGS AS SUBSTRATES
FOR OYSTER MUSHROOM
PRODUCTION
By
AMOS NJAGI JOSIAH
REGISTRATION NO: A138/10133/2007
Supervisor.Dr.J.W.Kimenju
1.0.1 INTRODUCTION
• 1.0 Importance of mushroom
• Food
• Contains good proteins, vitamins (B1, B2, C) and
minerals.
• Contain all essential amino acids and commonly
occurring non-essential amino acids.
• Contain large amount of fiber and carbohydrates.
1.0.1 Medicine
• Lower fungi yields important medicines like
penicillin .
• statistics shows at least 106 medicinals
contain Ganoderma , 43 Cordyceps and 7
shiitake.
• Diseases prevented by mushroom include –
• Heart &conary,Diabetes &Cancer
Uses cont
1.0.1
1. Soil bioremediation
ability to degraded lignin as a major
constituent of plant material
1. Income
Market of medicinal of products from
mushrooms in 1995 had turnover of 5-6
billion US Dollars
1.0
Types of mushrooms
• There are 12,000 species of fungi
considered as mushroom.
• 200 species have been collected from the
wild and utilized.
• To date 35 mushroom species have been
cultivated commercially and 20 are
cultivated on an industrial scale.
1.0.1 Problem Statement and justification
• Animal protein is unaffordable to most Kenyans who live
below a dollar. Agricultural waste such as wood. Green
manure trimming can cause enormous environmental
pollution.
•
High value food rich in protein and cheap to produce by
low income farmers and good degrader of cellulose and
lignin. The spent compost can be used as soil conditioners.
Hence, the need to carry out the study.
1.0.1 Objective
• To evaluate the effectiveness of green
manure from various plant trimmings as
substrate for oyster mushroom production
Materials & Methods
• Experiment was carried out at the field
station, of upper Kabete campus, University
of Nairobi, inside a house.
• Substrates,polythene bags,methylated
spirits,cotton wool,plastic
rings,table,water,spawn,labels,Autoclave
sprayer and moist chamber
3.3 Method/Treatment
• There were six treatments in the trial
namely:1.Tithonia substrate 2, Lantana substrate,3
Caliandra substrate,4Napier substrate,5 Leucaena
substrate and 6,Wheat straw (control).
• Trimings were cut into small portions and let to
dry under cool condition and spread for proper
aeration.
• Bagging in polytubes was done. Each bag
contained 200g of dry substrates.
• Soaking was done .Water comprised of 65% while
35% was substrate.
Methodology cont
• .Spawned (inoculated) containers were put in the
experimental site.
• Water spray using sprayer inside the house was
done to maintain humidity for mushroom growth.
• Experiment was laid out in a complete
randomized compete design with 3 replication
3.3 Data collection
• The following data were collected:• Yield, Spawn run, Number of pinhead ,
• Pin head abortion and Number of flushes
• DATA ANALYSIS
• Data was subjected to analysis of variance
(ANOVA) using Genstat mean separating software
and parameters were separated and comparison
made within the various treatments.
RESULTS
NUMBER OF ABORTION:
• There was significant difference (P<0.05) for
number of abortions within the various treatments
(table 1).
Grand mean 0.176
Table 1.0 (treatment means).
• Trt 1
2
3
4 5
6
0.00 0.261 0.159
0.00 0.00 0.638
ANOVA FOR SPOWN RUN
• There was significant difference (P<0.05) for
spown run in all trts except trts 1 & 2(table1.1).
• treatment 6 ( had the highest number while trt 5
had the lowest.
Grand mean 53.86
• Trt 1
2
3
4
5
6
60.87 65.22 89.86 7.25 0.00
100.0
• There was no significant difference between the
means in the various replications
ANOVA FOR YIELD
• There was significant difference for the yield
(P<0.05) in the trt6 displaying the highest mean
while trt 1, 2 and 5 giving the lowest yield (table
1.2,).
Grand mean 1.92
• Trt 1
2
3
4
5
6
0.00 2.39 1.88 0.00 0.00 7.25
• There was no significant difference between the
means of the various replications
NUMBER OF FLUSHES
• There was significant difference (P<0.05)for the
number of flashes in trt 6 giving the highest mean
and trt 4, 1 and 5 giving the lowest mean .
• Grand mean 0.053
Trt 1
2
3
4
5
6
0.0 0.087 0.043 0.00 0.000
0.188
• There was no significant difference between the
replication means for the entire trial.
NUMBER OF MUSHROOMS
• Grand mean 0.053
• Trt 1 2
3
4
5
6
0.0 0.087 0.043 0.00 0.00 0.188
• There was a significant difference in the
means of the trt 6 giving the highest
number of mushrooms while trts 1, 4 and 5
giving the lowest means.
DISCUSSION
• Results indicate that the control trial was the best
manure substrate for production of mushrooms.
• Results also indicate that green manure substrates
made from tithonia, Napier and laucaena cannot
support mushroom production
• Lantana camara and coliandra green manure can
support mushroom production but to a small
extent.
Discussion cont
• From the results Wheat straw favored full
colonization of the substrate by mycelia.,
higher mushroom yields, a higher number
of flushes, a higher number of spawn
abortion and the highest number of spawn
runs.
CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Lantana was the best green manure
substrate for the production of oyster
mushrooms.
• Napier and leucaena green manure
substrates could not support growth and
production of oyster mushrooms.
Thank you ALL