Transcript The Renaissance - Francis Howell High School

The Renaissance
The Renaissance begins in Italy
• The Renaissance begins
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in Italy and spreads north
to the rest of Europe.
Italy was the center of
trade between northern
Europe and Africa.
It was the center of
Greco-Roman culture.
It was the center of the
Catholic Church.
The Renaissance runs
between 1300 and 1650.
The Beginning
• The term Renaissance
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means “rebirth” in Latin.
It was the rebirth of art
and learning.
It was influenced by very
powerful families such as
the Medici family.
The Medici’s were
bankers out of Florence.
The families gave support
to various artists.
Characteristics of the
Renaissance
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Humanism
Individualism
Questioning Attitude
Interest in Secular, or
non-religious worldly
matters.
• Rise of the middle
class (Disposable
income)
• Great achievements in
the arts.
Humanism
• Humanism is the idea that is focused on
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human achievements and potential rather
than religious themes.
Focused on the man and his world.
Concentrated on everyday human problems
and relationships.
Humanists focus on pleasure rather than
morality.
Conflicted with the traditional teachings of
the Catholic Church and Medieval thinking.
Medieval Art
• Artists depicted
subjects in an
unrealistic twodimensional style
• Indicated the
importance of the soul
over the body.
• Disproportionate
• Flat/Dull
• Religious themes
Renaissance Art
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Use of oil paints
3-D and realism
Lifelike
Influenced by GrecoRoman culture
• Depth, shadows
• Bright colors (oil paints)
• Emotion,
• Religion, myth, everyday
life
Leonardo da Vinci (1450-1519)
• Da Vinci was considered the
“Renaissance Man”
• He was a :
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painter
sculptor
inventor
scientist
• Plans or inventions include
the helicopter, parachute,
and clock
• Famous works:
– Mona Lisa, Last Supper,
Madonna on The Rocks
Michelangelo (1475-1564)
• As a sculptor, architect,
painter, and poet, he
exerted a tremendous
influence
• Was an friends with
princes and popes
• Famous works include:
– David
– Sistine Chapel
– The Last Judgement
Renaissance Writers/Machiavelli
• Began to use the vernacular
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(vernacular = the native
language) instead of classical
Latin.
Machiavelli, who wrote The
Prince a handbook for behavior.
Machiavelli was a political
philosopher
The Prince advised kings how to
rule.
In Machiavelli’s way of
thinking, there are no means in
which the end does not justify
(The end justifies the means)
Tupac (AKA Makaveli)
• Tupac's alias is Makaveli. Though
the spelling is different, Machiavelli
advocated the staging of one's death
in order to evade one's enemies and
gain power.
• Tupac studied Machiavelli in depth
while in prison was a fan and had
read his books several times.
• Perhaps Tupac is taking his advice.
Machiaveli wrote two books before
his death.
• Machiavelli's books were called,
"Book 1," and, "Book 2." The CD's
of, "All Eyez On Me," are entitled
the same
The Renaissance Moves North
• Because of the plague, it was not until 1450 did
northern Europe enjoy the economic growth that
helped support the Renaissance in Italy.
• Northern artists and writers imitated Italian styles
while adding new methods and ideas of their own.
• As a result of the printing press, books became
more available and people became more literate.
Humanism in Europe
• Northern Humanists stressed education and
classical learning, however, unlike the
Italian humanists, they emphasized religious
themes.
• They believed that the revival should be
used to bring about religious and moral
reform.
Shakespeare
• The best known Renaissance writer was
William Shakespeare.
• Between 1590 and 1613 he wrote 37 plays
that are still preformed around the world.
The Printing Revolution
• In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the bible using
movable metal type on a machine called a Printing
Press.
• Printed books became cheap and easier to produce
that hand copies.
• Now, readers gained access to broad range of
knowledge (Medicine to Religion)
• The printing press would greatly contribute to the
Protestant Reformation.