Transcript Feed Nutrients

Feed Nutrients
Special Feeds
Colostrum
• First milk given by mammals after birth
• Contains antibodies
Milk Replacers
• Can’t replace colostrum
• Higher fat reduces diarrhea
Fats and Oils
• Fat
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increases calories of ration
2.25 times the NRG of carbs
Easily digested by animals
controls dust
lessons wear on mixing equip
• Molasses
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by-product from sugar
appetizer
¾ NRG of corn
stimulates rumen activity
Proteins
• Proteins are organic compounds made up
of amino acids
– Amino acids contain carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and nitrogen
• Ruminants can synthesize amino acids,
but non-ruminants must have these added
in the ration
Proteins - Sources
• Must contain a good balance of amino
acids
• Urea – synthetic nitrogen source
– Nitrogen acts in the ruminant to make amino
acids
• Crude Protein
– Total Usable Protein
– Cereal grains mixed in the proper proportions
– Soybean oil meal
Vitamins
• Trace organic compounds – needed in small
amounts
• Fat-soluble
– A, D, E, and K
– Healthy eyes, good conception rate, disease
resistance
– Green leafy hay, yellow corn, fish oils, direct sunlight
• Water-soluble
– C and B-complex
– Teeth and bone formation, prevention of infections
Minerals
• Inorganic materials containing no carbon
• Provide for growth of bones, teeth, and
tissue
• Major minerals
– Often lacking in rations
• Trace Minerals
– Often found in feeds
– Excess quantities of some can be toxic
Additives, Implants, & Injections
• 80% of animals get some drug during lifetime
• Regulate growth, modify rumen activity,
improve feed efficiency
• Lower production costs
• Feed Additives
– Antibiotics
• Produced by living organism
– Antioxidants
• Prevent oxidation
Feed Additives (cont’)
• Bloat Control Products
– Inhibit gas formation and methane prod. in rumen
• Electrolytes
– Salts
– Replenish Fluids
• Flavoring Agent
– Increases palatability => Increased feed intake
• Hormones
– Increases growth, milk prod. And meat prod.
Implants
• Small pellet deposited under skin
• Promote growth
• Steroids
– Increase muscle mass
– Eliminate pain
• Tranquilizers
Assignment
• Complete the eleven Unit 7 Review
Questions listed below.
• 1, 2, 6, 10, 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 26, 28
• USE COMPLETE SENTENCES
• E-mail your answers to me by the
beginning of class tomorrow.