Transcript Document

AP Biology Review
Jeopardy
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Biochem
The Cell
Energy
Gene
Expression
DNA
Misc.
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What is the
structure of an
amino acid?
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H
|
NH2 -C-COOH
|
R
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the microscope
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W 
 X 
 Y 
Z
E1
E2
E3
If Z inhibits Enzyme 2, which
product would first build up
in the cell?
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X
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How do  and -glucose differ?
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They are structural isomers
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Why can we not digest
cellulose?
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It is composed of -glucose
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What is a peptide bond?
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Bond between two amino acids
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What is a condensation
reaction?
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The removal of water during
polymer formation
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Why would an enzyme be
denatured in acidic
conditions?
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The acid would interrupt the
interaction between charged
amino acids (tertiary
structure)
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Major difference between plant
and animal cells
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The cell wall vs. the cell
membrane
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Molecule responsible for the
insolubility of the cell
membrane in water
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Phospholipid
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In a cell, what functions to give
shape, enable movement, and
anchor organelles?
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Microtubules, microfilaments
and intermediate fibers
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How do prokaryotes differ from
eukaryotes?
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Prokaryotes: no nucleus,
circular DNA
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What is the function of the
nucleolus?
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Synthesis of ribosomes
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What is a kinetochore?
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Structure that links the
centromere to spindle
apparatus
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How many membranes
compose a chloroplast?
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Three - outer, inner and grana
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Each NADH + H+ generated in
the Krebs cycle generates X
ATP
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X=3
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True or False: Aerobic
respiration is more ancient
than anaerobic respiration
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False
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Where is ATP generated?
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Chloroplast stroma and
Mitochondrial matrix
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The oxygen consumed during
respiration results in the
production of?
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H2 O
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What is the primary role of light
in photosynthesis?
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Light excites electrons in
chlorophyll that are captured
by the primary electron
acceptor
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These plants open their stomata
during the night for carbon
fixation
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CAM
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What is photorespiration?
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A process that consumes O2
with out producing ATP
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What is the function of the
regulator gene on the lac
operon?
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The gene directs the synthesis
of a regulator protein that will
repress gene expression
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Mutation of which base in a
triplet codon would be least
likely to cause a genetic
mutation?
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The third position
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How did scientists
demonstrated that DNA
replication is
semiconservative?
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They cultured bacteria in heavy
nitrogen and demonstrated
that during DNA replication
only one strand contained
heavy nitrogen
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Which strand of DNA is
replicated by Okazaki
fragments?
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The lagging strand, which is
elongated in the 3’ to 5’
direction
DAILY DOUBLE
What is the difference between
glycogen and amylopectin?
DAILY DOUBLE
Glycogen: extensively branched
storage carbohydrate in
animals (liver)
Amylopectin: branched storage
carbohydrate in plants
(amyloplasts)
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Mutations are often thought
of as “mistakes” but they are
also beneficial. Name one
benefit.
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Genetic diversity
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Why is the one gene - one
protein hypothesis incorrect?
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Alternative splicing generates
different proteins from the
same gene.
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If red hair, blue eyes, and
freckles were consistently
inherited together,the best
explanation would be?
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These genes are linked on the
same chromosome
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A human genetic defect that
affects the ability to metabolize
a particular amino acid is?
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Phenylketonuria
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In mitosis the resulting cell is Xn
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X=2
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In complete dominance what
would be the phenotypic ratio
of a Tt x tt cross, if “t”
produced short stems in
plants?
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1 long-stemmed plant: 1 shortstemmed plant
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List three types of conditions
under which mitosis occurs
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Wound repair, regeneration,
growth and development
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Suppose you wanted a family
consisting of two girls and a
boy, what are the chances?
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1/8
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List the phases of the cell cycle
in order
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G1, S, G2, Prophase,
Metaphase, Anaphase,
Telophase, Cytokinesis
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What evidence supports the
endosymbiotic theory?
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts
contain circular DNA and
prokaryotic-like ribosomes
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What would a cell undergoing
prophase I of meiosis contain
that a cell undergoing mitosis
would not?
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Paired homologous
chromosomes
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Name four enzymes used
during DNA replication
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Helicase, RNA primase, DNA
polymerase, DNA ligase
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What is DPIP used for?
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It accepts electrons that
normally would be accepted by
NADP+
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If you added sugar to water,
would the water potential
decrease or increase
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The water potential would
decrease (become more
negative)
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List three ways bacteria can
become genetically diverse?
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Conjugation, transformation,
transduction
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How do ribosomes attach to the
ER?
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The SRP attaches to the signal
peptide and this complex
translocates to the ribosome