Transcript Selected Topic E Hormones

Selected Topic E:
Hormones
Milbank High School
Objectives
 To learn about hormones…
The Endrocrine System
 Synthesize hormones (chemical
messengers)
 Pituitary gland
 Thyroid
 Adrenal
Chemical Structure of Hormones
 Three types
 Amino acid derivatives
 Peptide hormones
 insulin
 Steroid hormones
 Sex hormones
 Adrenaline
 All are lipids
Adrenocortical Hormones
 Use cholesterol to be produced
 Aldosterone
 Regulate exchange of sodium, potassium,
and hydrogen ions
 Cortisol
 Inhibit inflammatory response
 Regulate metabolic reactions
Sex Hormones




Androgens
Progesterone
Estrogen
Very small structural differences
Anabolic Steroids: Natural
 Testosterone
 In addition to being a sex hormone:
 Prevents osteoporosis
 Increased energy
 20-30 more times
more in males
than females
 Derived from cholesterol
Anabolic Steroids: Synthetic
 “Androgens”
 Used by athletes (i.e. Barry Bonds)
 Stimulate protein synthesis in skeletal
muscles
 Must be injected
directly into muscles
 Many side effects
 Androstenedione
Designer Steroids
 THG “the clear” or “the cream”
(Tetrahydrogestrinone)
 Used to get around drug tests
“composition of testosterone and
epitestosterone designed to increase the
natural level of the steroid testosterone while
not disrupting the ratio of testosterone to
epitestosterone, a common metric used in
traditional drug tests.”
 HGH
Contraceptives
 Progesterone
 Progestins
 Mimics pregnancy
 “Morning after” pill
 Blocks production of progesterone
 Not approved for use in US