Transcript What is the food you eat made of?

What is the food you eat made of?
What are organic molecules?
• Organic molecules are molecules that are
normally found in or produced in living
systems..
What do they look like?
• Organic
compounds are
normally made of
carbon atoms in
ring or long chains.
There are 4 types of organic
compounds:
•
•
•
•
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Organic Molecules make up all organisms
What is in a cheeseburger?
Nutrition Facts (Big ‘N Tasty
at McDonalds):
Calories: 520
Total Fat: 29 grams
Saturated Fat: 9 grams
Carbohydrates: 41 grams
Protein: 24 grams
Carbohydrates
• Which part of the
cheeseburger do you
believe has the most
carbohydrates?
Why does the bun have so many
carbohydrates?
• Carbohydrates are a fancy
way of saying “sugars.”
• Sugars provide living things
with energy as well as act as
substances used for structure.
– For example: the shell of a
crab or the stem of a plant
both contain a high
amount of carbohydrates.
Glucose
Starch
Why does the bun have so many
carbohydrates?
What happens in our bodies
when we eat the bun?
What about other carbohydrates?
Cellulose
Which part of the cheeseburger
is the best source of protein?
Why does the meat have the most
protein?
Proteins: Large organic
molecules made of
different amino acids
joined together by
peptide bonds.
What is an amino acid?
• Amino Acid: a
molecule that
contains both a
carboxyl and amine
functional group.
These are the building
blocks of proteins.
Why does the meat have so much
protein?
What are proteins made of?
• Proteins are all made of long chains of
the same 20 amino acids. In our body
proteins from our diet are broken down
into amino acids to make the cellular
machinery that is necessary within our
bodies.
Why do bodybuilders drink protein
shakes and eat protein bars?
Which part of the cheeseburger
is a source of fat?
What is fat?
• Fats are a type of lipid.
• Lipids are
hydrophobic (waterfearing, fat-loving)
organic molecule that
includes fats, oils, and
waxes
Lipids in membranes
What is a nucleic acid?
Nucleic Acids store and
transmit genetic
information
DNA: the foundation for life
• DNA stands for
Deoxyribonucleic
Acid. DNA is present
in all living organisms
and some viruses.
How do nucleic acids relate to the
cheeseburger?
• The DNA is the
instructions that make
proteins. These
proteins are the
proteins present in the
hamburger meat.
Building Blocks
Organic Molecules are broken
down
Spaghetti and Meatballs
-Meatballs
- Pasta sauce
- Noodles
- Cheese
Pepperoni Pizza
•
•
•
•
Pepperoni
Cheese
Crust
Pizza Sauce
Organic
Compound
Polymer
Nucleic Acid
Atoms
Monomer
CHONP
Nucleotide
Protein
CHON
Amino Acid
Carbohydrate
CHO
Lipid
CH
Examples Picture
DNA and
RNA
Keratin,
Insulin,
Enzymes
Sugar
Bread,
Starch,
Potato
Glycerol and Waxes,
Fatty Acids oils, fats