Nutrients and the body
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Transcript Nutrients and the body
Nutrients and the body
Barbora Bakajová,Tereza Šimšová
NUTRIENTS
elements or compounds necessary for an
organism's metabolism, growth, or other
functioning.
some of them are essential,because they
cannot be synthesized in the body and
must be obtained from a food source.
substances that provide energy
nutrients:živiny
Groups of nutrients
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Minerals
Fat-soluble vitamins
Water-soluble vitamins
Water
Carbohydrates
compounds made up of sugars used or
stored as energy
have three different types of simple
sugars:1) monosaccharide
2) disaccharide
3) polysaccharide
Complex carbohydrates are stored in the
body as glycogen.
Sugar in our Diet
some sugars are found naturally in foods like
most fruits and their juices- we get calories from
sugar but also vitamins and minerals
some are added when foods are manufactured,
they make foods taste sweet (dextrose, fructose,
maltose )
eating a lot of sugary foods can cause tooth
decay
diet-strava
tooth decay-zubní kaz
Gelatin bonbons
ingredients – sugar,
glucose syrup, starch,
citric acid and gelatin
shapes – teddy bears,
worms, cherries, …
source of energy
skin, connective tissue or
bones
gelatin known as E
number E441
starch - škrob
Quiz about sugar
1. Orange juice gives us.....
a. sugar, vitamins and minerals
b. empty calories
c. no sugar, but plenty of vitamins
2. Eating too many sugary foods may cause. . .
a. diabetes
b. hypertension
c. tooth decay
Normal regulation of blood glucose
Proteins
the most abundant component in the human
body
including amino acids, that provide the building
blocks for enzymes and other proteins within the
body
peptide bond
enzymes , hormones , antibodies
abundant-vydatný,hojný
provide-poskytnout
Meat
usually muscle; fat or
non – muscle organs
ingredients – water,
lipids, nitric and
inorganic compounds
building hair, muscle,
hormonal regulation
source of zinc, iron
and nitrogen
Fats
can be defined as the basic nutrients
they are needed for:
the proper functions of cells
maintenance of body temperature
healthy skin and hair
including fatty acids
body does not manufacture essential fatty acids
proper-správný
maintaince-udržování
Cholesterol
is needed by our bodies for our cells, nerves and
brain
important in forming hormones and enzymes
we make all the cholesterol we need in our liver
but we get cholesterol from the foods we eat,
too
if we eat too many foods that contain cholesterol
, our chances of developing heart disease are
higher
liver-játra
Butter
dairy product from cream
emulsion of lipids, water
and milk proteins
source of vitamins A,D,E
and K
contributor to health
problems (heart disease)
substitute vegetable
margarine
contributor - přispěvatel
Minerals
minerals are inorganic substances
almost all foods contribute to a varied intake of
essential minerals
a major exception is iron for children and
adolescent
everyone at every age needs calcium which
builds bones and teeth, and it is necessary for
blood clotting
other important minerals are sodium, potassium,
iodine, magnesium, zinc, and copper.
contribute-přispívat
intake-příjem
clotting-srážení
Vitamins
all living things need vitamins for growth and
health
exist two types
1) Fat-soluble vitamins
four vitamins - A, D, E, and K
2) Water-soluble vitamins
the vitamin B group of several vitamins ,
vitamin C
good sources should be eaten every day.
Water
every cell in the body must be bathed in
water
takes an active part in many chemical
reactions
is needed to carry other nutrients
to regulate body temperature
makes up about 60 percent of an adult's
body weight.
Thank you for your
attention