Transcript Χωρίς τίτλο διαφάνειας

INSTITUTE OF
AQUACULTURE
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR
MARINE RESEARCH
By
M.N. Alexis
GREEK FINFISH MARICULTURE
12 years of EU / mediterranean leadership (about 50 % of production)
thanks to adequate strategical / political / environmental choices
and dynamism of farmers
- Matching technique / species with
environment
- Low input / density sea cage ongrowing
- Low input / density hatchery
==> HIGH MARKET COMPETITIVITY
SEA BREAM & SEA BASS SECTOR
DISTRIBUTION IN MEDITERRANEAN
GREECE
GREECE
260
PORTUGAL
4
TURKEY
260
175
TUNISIA
3
CROATIA
19
FRANCE
CYPRUS
43
9
SPAIN
MOROCCO
49
2
ITALY
66
MALTA
3
INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE
The Institute is one of the five Institutes of HCMR and has been
created by the unification of the Departments of Aquaculture of
NCMR and IMBC, in Athens and Crete.
The basic objective of the Institute is to develop original scientific and
technological research and also promote applications in the
Aquaculture and related areas.
The Research performed concerns the understanding of the biological
basis of Aquaculture and the development and optimization of tools
and technologies of production for all the stages of the rearing cycle.
This Research leads to scientific and technological applications, the
development and transfer of technology and know-how as well as the
development of new research personnel.
STRATEGY / METHOD
A classic push / pulled integrated R.T.D. approach
PROBLEMS
/ DEMAND
RESEARCH
Scientific
Community
Services
Products
Innovation
Improvement
Validation
Knowledge
Education
Training
Studies
Advises
Pilot scale
Production
Sector
Political
Level
RESEARCH PRIORITIES
1- Fry production
1 - Reproduction mechanisms and control
2 - Biology and control of fish development
3 - Ontogeny of behavior and applications (feeding, etc)
2- Improvements in production parameters and fish quality
1- Fish nutrition and feeding
2- Fish pathology stress and immunology
3- Fish flesh quality and standards
3- Technologies of production and TechnologicalBiotechnological products
1- Hatchery technologies and larviculture
2- Automations for classical production cycle
3- Open sea rearing
4- Microalgae
4- Aquaculture and environment
Fry rearing
Reproduction mechanisms and Control
Research subjects
• Fish reproductive cycle (maturation, ovulation)
• Influence of environment (mainly thermoperiod and photoperiod)
• Use of hormonal implants and injections
• Sperm and eggs quality (embryonic and pre-larval development)
• Special case of Blue fin Tuna and other big fishes (size problem)
• Special studies for new species (re-initiation of general approach)
• Actions on the cycle (sex differentiation, early puberty and maturation)
• Broodstock genetic improvement (HCMR + University and other partners)
Applications
• Production of good quality eggs all year around
• New species
• Production of fish of improved growth potential
Fry rearing
Biology and Control of Fish Development
Research subjects
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Description of normal embryogenesis and larval development
Somatic plasticity and abnormalities (==> absence of deformities)
Links with environment (temperature, currents, etc) and technology
Genetic and gene expression (in collaboration with other groups)
Study of specific problems like:
Coloration (Pagrus)
Sexual differentiation (sea bass)
Growth and quality of flesh
Applications
•Production of good quality larvae of optimum growth potential
•New species
Fry rearing
Behaviour and Applications
Ontogeny and quality of basic behaviors
•Normality - abnormality
•Plasticity and adaptation
•Relation with age and environment (temperature, light, food, fish density)
•Relations inter and intra specific of similar and different sizes
•Moments and capacity of learning and conditioning
Target studies of specific important behaviors
•Feeding preferences (quantity, size, frequence, color) and adaptations (or not)
•Swimming, repartition, schooling
•Agressivity and cannibalism
Applications
•Previsions of evolution, aetiology, correlations between behaviors
•Tank organisation and management
•Sorting devices of abnormal animals (swimblader, opercul) and mode of use
•Self-feeders and self-choice
•Behavioral illness
Collaborations with
: labs. of psychophysiology / neurophysiology (brain)
Improvements in production-quality
Fish Nutrition and Feeding
Research subjects
• Nutritional requirements (Vitamins, Fatty acids, Protein / Energy levels,
Amino acids
• Evaluation of raw material quality (Composition, digestibility)
• Fish meal and fish oil replacement
• Growth inhibitors and their effects on fish
• Feed preferences and capacity for adaptation
• Effect of feed pellet characteristics on feeding
Applications
• Formulation of nutritionaly balanced diets for Mediterranean species
• Evaluation of quality of commercial diets
• Feeding tables, optimization of feeding
• Demand feeders
Improvements in production-quality
Fish Pathology
Research subjects
• Stress indices of fish and effect of stress on health status
• Antibiotic treatment of sea bass and sea bream
• Occurrence of pathogens in Greek Aquaculture
• Fish immune system and effects of nutrition
Applications
• Prevention: Suitable feeds, good management practice
• Treatment: Correct diagnosis, correct use of antibiotics
Improvements in production-quality
Quality of Fish Flesh
Research subjects
• Chemical, organoleptic and microbiological changes during storage
• Comparison of wild and cultured fish
• Effect of diet and feeding on fish composition and organoleptic
• Dietary additives to improve quality
• Withdrawal time for antibiotics
Applications
• Food for tailorisation of fish quality (color, texture,
structure, composition)
• Healthy fish food
• Consumer standards
Technology-Products
Hatchery technologies and larviculture
Research subjects
• Larval rearing (extensive, mesocosm and intensive) endo
trophic endoexotrophic, exotrophic phases
• Weaning (co-feeding, early weaning , weaning)
• Nursery
Applications
• new species
• SME
• possible tool for repopulation
Technology-Products
Automations for all the production cycle
Product development (through other research priorities)
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Self feeders
Equipment for measuring environmental parameters
Automated feeding systems for hatcheries (live food) and cages
Continuous production systems for rotifers
Applications:
• Cage farms
• Hatcheries
Technology-Products
Microalgae
• Research subjects
Mechanisms of photosynthesis
Mixed conditions of feeding
Development of photobioreactors
• Applications
• Production in photo-bioreactors
• Biomass for
Aquaculture
Fine chemical Industry- Cosmetics
Human consumption
Technology-Products
Open sea cages
Research subjects
• Automated systems for management
Feeding
Fish manipulation
Monitoring of fish populations
• Species specific methodology for large size fish
Applications
• Aquaculture diversification
• Reduction of coastal zone conflicts
Aquaculture and Environment
Research subjects
• Prediction models and remediation (in collaboration with other
groups)
• Fish feeds with minimal environmental discharges
• Feeding management
• Effect of aquaculture practices on marine microbial load
• Interaction of aquaculture and wild fish populations
Applications
• Fish feed Industry
• Aquaculture units
• Public authorities
SERVICES & PRODUCTS
Basic activity of the Institute aimed at fish farms, feed companies,
Feed additive suppliers, technology brokers
Needs
•Limited ability to perform analytical work by the Industry
•Lack of a National Reference laboratory
Type of support
1- Provision of essential living material for hatcheries and on growing
2- Diagnostic procedures in pathology, fry quality, flesh quality, water quality
3- Special studies needed by individual initiatives ISO, HACCP
4- Test of industrial products used in aquaculture
5- Special research programs for solution of local (biological or technological) problems
6- Transfer of technology to farms and training of staff
INSTALLATIONS
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Aqualab, Gournes Crete
Experimental Station, Aghios Kosmas Attiki
Aquarium, Gournes Crete
KALYPSO Technological Park, Souda Crete
KALYPSO TECHNOLOGICAL PARK
An infrastructure for optimization of innovations in marine aquaculture,
generation/ incubation of related start up, test of products and training
Partnership
- HCMR (inst. Aq)
- NIREUS S.A.
- ZENON S.A.
- ANEK lines
- Coperative Bank of Chania
- Coperative Bank of Heraclion
- University of Crete
- Polytechnic Chania
- Souda community
Five activities
New species
Blue fin Tuna
culture
Microalgae
Technological
Products
Feeds