Transcript Terpsichore

Renaissance
“Rebirth”!
Renaissance Period
• c. 1400-1600 A.D.
• “Renaissance” is the French word for “rebirth.”
• refers to the explosion of learning associated with the
invention of the printing press and subsequent rediscovery of
ancient scholarly texts.
Johann Gutenberg
and the
Printing Press
c. 1450
The Gutenberg Bible
The Gutenberg Bible
Leonardo da Vinci
1452-1519
• Prominent northern Italian
painter, sculptor, architect,
engineer, and physiologist.
• Typifies the “Renaissance Man”
in his mastery of many
disciplines.
Leonardo da Vinci
1452-1519
Perspective Study
Leonardo da Vinci
1452-1519
The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci
1452-1519
Anatomical Study
Leonardo da Vinci
1452-1519
Homo Vitruvianus (Vitruvian Man)
Leonardo da Vinci
1452-1519
La Joconde
“Mona Lisa”
Leonardo da Vinci
1452-1519
Diagrams for a flying machine
Michelangelo Buanorotti
1475-1564
• Prominent northern Italian
sculptor and painter.
• Considered himself a sculptor
first.
• On orders of the Pope, painted
the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
at The Vatican in Rome.
Michelangelo Buanorotti
1475-1564
Sistine Chapel Ceiling
“Creation”
Sistine Chapel
Interior
Sistine Chapel
Exterior
Michelangelo’s
“David”
William Shakespeare
1564-1616
• Prominent English writer of
poetry and plays during the
reign of Queen Elizabeth l
(Elizabethan Period).
• Excelled at both comedy and
tragedy.
• Noted for portrayal of the most
profound aspects of human
nature.
William Shakespeare
1564-1616
• Prominent English writer of
poetry and plays during the
reign of Queen Elizabeth l
(Elizabethan Period).
• Excelled at both comedy and
tragedy.
• Noted for portrayal of the most
profound aspects of human
nature.
Nicolaus Copernicus
1473-1543
• Church canon (cleric),
physician, jurist, and astrologer.
• Proposed theory of heliocentric
(sun centered) universe, which
eventually overturned the
traditionally held geocentric
(earth centered) universe
theory.
Nicolaus Copernicus
1473-1543
• Church canon (cleric),
physician, jurist, and astrologer.
• Proposed theory of heliocentric
(sun centered) universe, which
eventually overturned the
traditionally held geocentric
(earth centered) universe
theory.
Martin Luther
1483-1546
• German Catholic priest who
initiated the “Protestant
Reformation” when he nailed
his protests to the selling of
indulgences to the Wittenburg
Castle Church door.
Martin Luther
1483-1546
• Believed strongly in the
educational and ethical power
of music to affect listeners in
positive ways.
• Thought his congregation
should sing in unison, with “one
united voice.”
Martin Luther
1483-1546
• Composed hymns in German.
• Advocated use of the vernacular
in worship, opposing the
Catholic practice of conducting
worship universally in Latin.
• Listening: Martin Luther’s “Ein
Feste Burg ist Unser Gott” (A
Mighty Fortress is Our God).
• Example of early Protestant
hymn.
King Henry Vlll
1491-1547
• Established Protestant church in
England with his Act of
Supremacy in 1534, a response
to the Pope’s refusal to allow his
divorce from his first wife
Catherine.
• Eventually had six wives.
King Henry Vlll
1491-1547
• Accomplished musician, author,
and poet.
• According to legend, he wrote
the popular folk song
“Greensleeves.”
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
c. 1525-1594
• Attained some wealth as a
furrier and by marrying a
wealthy widow.
• The most famous representative
of the “Roman School” of
Renaissance polyphonic choral
music.
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
c. 1525-1594
• Legendary evidence of the
examination of his music in a
general review of music writing
by the Council of Trent.
• Whether or not the legend is
true, his style became a model
for Catholic choral writing.
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
c. 1525-1594
• Listening: Kyrie Eleison from
Missa Papae Marcelli (Pope
Marcellus Mass).
• Example: Late Renaissance
polyphony. The Kyrie Eleison is
a section of the Mass, a Catholic
worship service.
Giovanni Gabrieli
c. 1553-1612
• Late Italian Renaissance / early
Baroque composer especially
noted for work in Venetian
polychoral style.
• Antiphonal music.
Cathedral de
San Marco
Venice, Italy
Cathedral de San
Marco
Venice, Italy
Cathedral de San
Marco
Venice, Italy
Giovanni Gabrieli
c. 1553-1612
• Listening: Canzon in Double
Echo.
• Example: Cori Spezzati
(Venetian polychoral style),
antiphonal music.
Cori Spezzati
• Literally “divided choirs.”
• Also called polychoral style.
• Choirs, vocal or instrumental, at opposing ends of
chamber perform antiphonally (echoing style).
Madrigal
• A form of secular choral music of the Renaissance.
• Featured polyphonic part singing and special vocal
techniques.
• Featured “word painting.”
Word Painting
• The practice of illustrating words with music,
common in Renaissance madrigals and motets.
Motet
• A form of sacred choral music of the Renaissance.
• Sacred counterpart of the madrigal.
Thomas Weelkes
1575-1623
• English Renaissance composer.
• Especially noted for
composition of English
madrigals.
Thomas Weelkes
1575-1623
• Listening: As Vesta was from
Latmos Hill Descending (1601).
• Example: English madrigal,
word painting.
Michael Praetorius
• Born February 15, 1571 Michael
Shultze
• Studied Divinity at University of
Frankfurt
• Organist at Marienkirche in Frankfurt
• 1604- Kapellmeister at Wolfenbuttel
Court
• 1613-1616- Saxon Court at Dresden
Michael Praetorius
• Listening: “La Bouree” from
Terpsichore
• Example: Renaissance Dance