Transcript PPT
The Italian Renaissance: Art Medieval Art Fusion of different styles Roman ideas (techniques of sculpture lost) Christian ideas Church richest, most powerful institution in Medieval world Had the money to support artists throughout Medieval period Northern European “Barbarian” artistic tradition (Celtic, Germanic) Byzantine (iconography) Much of the non-religious medieval art is lost to us No concept of preserving art outside of church Medieval Art: Religious Themes St. Francis’ Rule Approved Giotto (1288-92?) Tempera (egg yolk mixed with pigment) on wood and ground gold Questions Glowing head? Realistic? Depth perception? Medieval Art: Religious Themes The Crucifixion Giotto (1305) Tempera on wood and ground gold. Questions Realism? Glowing heads? Depth? Characteristics of Italian Renaissance Art 1. Bright colors & oil paints (change in material used) 2. Focus on realism Natural poses were life-like, realistic (like the GREEKS!) Showed personality & emotion in the art Expulsion from the Garden Masaccio 1427 First nudes since classical times 3. Perspective (Della Pittura – Alberti) Use of perspective (horizon line, vanishing point) Shadowing created illusion of depth Made items in background smaller Lamentation Over the Dead Christ, Andre Mantegna (1481) Notes …Realistic? …Perspective? Perspective! Betrothal of the Virgin Raphael 1504 Compare & Contrast Perspective 4. Classicism Obvious Greco-Roman influence Individualism (free standing figures) Symmetry/Balance Statue of Habacuc Donatello (1423-25) School of Athens - Raphael 5. Emphasis on Individualism Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The Duke & Duchess of Urbino (Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466) 6. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate Leonardo da Vinci (1469) The figure as architecture! Raphael’s Canagiani Madonna, 1507 Cosimo de Medici 1389-1464 Medici bank = base of power Took over Florence, 1433 Patron to Brunelleschi, others Lorenzo the Magnificent 1449-1492 Grandson of Cosimo Ruled Florence, 1469 to death Patron to Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Botticelli Adoration of the Magi Entire Medici family shown Who are the “magi”? Who is in far right, looking at viewers? Brunelleschi’s Dome Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1436) Won competition to design dome for new Cathedral in Florence Before starting, he travelled around Italy for inspiration Used the ancient Romans’ architectural concepts Parthenon, in Rome Used ribs to support dome Brunelleschi – Architect Built lightweight inner dome, then exterior dome of wind resistant material Dimensions: 137 feet across Weight: 40,785 tons containing over four million bricks Time to construct: 16 years Dome Comparisons Il Duomo (Florence) St. Peter’s (Rome) St. Paul’s (London) US Capitol (Washington) Renaissance Religious Themes Madonna and Child Madonna and Child, Fra Filippo Lippi 1406-1469 Emotion of face -she looks like a real mother - tired, worn down Leonardo da Vinci “Self portrait” “Study of Hands” “Study of the Gradations of shadows” “Vitruvian Man” Parachute Notebook page (written backwards!) Helicopter Leonardo, the Inventor: Pages from his Notebook Machine gun Tank Helicopter Leonardo, the Scientist (Biology): Pages from his Notebook An example of the humanist desire to unlock the secrets of nature. Leonardo, the Scientist (Anatomy): from his Notebook Mona Lisa Lisa di Antonio Maria Gherandini “Mona” - Italian version of ‘Madonna’ or ‘my lady’ A Macaroni Mona Mona Lisa – da Vinci, 1503-4 A Picasso Mona An Andy Warhol Mona Mona Lisa OR da Vinci?? The Last Supper Original, now What original might have looked like vertical The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498 horizontal Perspective! A Da Vinci “Code”: St. John or Mary Magdalene? Michelangelo The Pieta David 15c What a difference a century makes! 16c The Sistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel Details The Creation of the Heavens The Sistine Chapel Details Creation of Man The Sistine Chapel Details The Last Judgment The End