Transcript APOe genotyping

The Key to Your Health
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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To help determine your risk of
cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary
heart disease (CHD), and your risk of
having an ischemic stroke.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
3
Measure when your doctor determines that
you are at a moderate to high risk of
developing CVD or of having an ischemic
stroke; when you have a family history of CVD
or CHD.
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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NT ProBNP test may be used to
help detect, diagnose, and
evaluate the severity of heart
failure.
Testing may be performed if a
person has symptoms such as
swelling in the legs (edema),
difficulty breathing, shortness
of breath, and fatigue.
It can be used, along with other
cardiac biomarker tests, to
detect heart stress and damage
and/or along with lung function
tests to distinguish between
causes of shortness of breath.
Chest X-rays and an ultrasound
test called echocardiography
may also be performed.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Triglycerides are the chemical form in which
most fat exists in food and the body. A high
triglyceride level has been linked to higher
risk of coronary artery disease.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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 Hemoglobin
A1c – see pg. 7
 Fasting Insulin
 Glycomark
Each test has its own utility
and measures different
mechanism of abnormal
glucose metabolism for
optimal understanding of what
is really going on with the
sugar in your body.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Helps determine disease
of the bile ducts and in
some liver diseases
Increased levels of GGT
levels may indicate in
general that the liver is
being damaged but does
not specifically point to a
condition that may be
causing the injury.
While elevated GGT levels may
be caused by liver disease, they
may also be caused by alcohol
consumption and/or other
conditions, such as congestive
heart failure.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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 Saliva
vs. serum vs. urine
 Goals
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menstruating values vs. post-menopausal value
of hormones
 Serum:
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Total serum estrogen
Estradiol
Testosterone
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
Progesterone
Dihydrotestosterone
FSH/LH
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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 Early
stages of genetic testing
 MTHFR
C677
 A1298
 ApoE Genotyping
 BRCA
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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"MTHFR is a common genetic variant that
causes a key enzyme in the body to function at
lower than normal rate. This can lead to a
variety of medical problems, when people with
MTHFR are exposed to more toxins than their
bodies can handle.
 There are over 50 known MTHFR variants, but
the two prime variants are called 677 and
1298, the numbers refer to their location on
the gene.
 The routine lab test for MTHFR variant only
reports on 677 and 1298 as these are the most
studied.
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Cardiovascular disease
Stroke
Peripheral neuropathy
Depression
OCD
Bipolar disorder
Schizophrenia and other mental
disorders,
Anxiety
Irritable/inflammatory bowel
syndrome
Still births
Re-eclampsia
Neural tube defects/cleft lip
Raynaud’s
Erectile dysfunction
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Fibromyalgia
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Chronic fatigue
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Dementia
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Migraines
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Schizophrenia
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Parkinson’s
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Miscarriages
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Infertility
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ADD/ADHD
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Cancer
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Insomnia
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Alzheimer’s
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Autism or spectrum disorders
And many other health conditions
or diseases.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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The APOE gene provides instructions for making
a protein called apolipoprotein E.
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This protein combines with fats (lipids) in the body to
form molecules called lipoproteins.
Lipoproteins are responsible for packaging cholesterol
and other fats and carrying them through the
bloodstream.
Apolipoprotein E is a major component of a
specific type of lipoprotein called very lowdensity lipoproteins (VLDLs).
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VLDLs remove excess cholesterol from the blood and
carry it to the liver for processing.
Maintaining normal levels of cholesterol is essential for
the prevention of disorders that affect the heart and
blood vessels (cardiovascular diseases), including heart
attack and stroke.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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 Digestive
enzyme sufficiency
 Dysbiosis
 Inflammatory
markers
 Candida
 Parasites
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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IgG vs. IgE
 IgE
is an indication of a hypersensitivity or
true allergy.
 IgG is a secondary response usually
associated with a previous exposure to an
antigen.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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There are 3 main types of tests:
1.
Looking for evidence of gut tissue
damage.
2.
Looking for immunological reaction to
gluten/gliadin
3.
Gene testing for HLA DQ2/ DQ8.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Gluten autoantibodies
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EnteroLab
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The stool test for gluten sensitivity alone can answer the question
of whether or not a person is gluten sensitive. However,
combining this with the gluten sensitivity gene test provides the
most complete assessment of the condition. Adding a test for
assessment of fat malabsorption further assesses intestinal
absorption function relative to their gluten sensitivity status. The
most economical way of getting just these stool tests ordered is in
our Gluten/Antigenic Food Sensitivity Stool Panel Limited or
Gluten Sensitivity Stool Panel for $279 (Panel A or E).
However to receive a gene analysis at a 33% discounted price, and
having three other food sensitivity stool tests added, the best
value would be the (Gluten/Antigenic Food Sensitivity
Stool/Gene Panel) for $369, and adding the fat malabsorption
test at the discounted price of $89 (regular price $129). If you
have already been diagnosed as gluten sensitive or with celiac
sprue, we recommend that you have a follow up fat
malabsorption test while staying on your gluten-free diet to be
sure that your intestine has resumed its normal absorptive
function. This is especially important after the first 1-2 years of
diagnosis.
https://www.enterolab.com/StaticPages/Faq.aspx
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Which Lab
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Cyrex
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Mucosal Gluten Reactivity Screen
Intestinal Antigenic Permeability
Wheat/Gluten Proteome Reactivity & Autoimmunity
Multiple Autoimmune Reactivity
Gluten-Associated Cross-reactive Foods & Foods Sensitivity
Diabetes Autoimmune Reactivity
Neurolgocial Autoimmune Reactivity
Joint Autoimmune Reactivity
Allertess -
specialize in food and inhalant allergy testing, food
sensitivities and other tests to assess teh immune system.
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Allergy & Sensitivity Panels
Candida Tests
Other Immunology Tests
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Microflora Immune Competency Test
H. Pylori Antibody Test
Quantitative Immunoglobulins
Comprehensive Food Panel Products
Labcorp (vs. Quest Diagnostics)
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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 Nutritional
 Telomere
 ApoE
Testing
Testing
Genotyping
 MTHFR
Genotyping
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Nutritional Testing
The micronutrient test measures how
micronutrients are actually functioning within your
white blood cells. These tests allow nutritional
assessment for a broad variety of clinical conditions
including arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular risk,
diabetes, various immunological disorders,
metabolic disorders and micronutrient deficiencies.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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 Telomere
Testing
Age adjusted telomere length is the best method to
date to assess biological age using structural analysis
of chromosomal change in the telomere. Serial
evaluation of telomere length is an indicator of how
rapidly one ages relative to a normal population.
Therapies directed at slowing the loss of telomere
length may slow aging and age-related diseases.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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 Nutritional
 Telomere
 ApoE
Testing
Testing
Genotyping
 MTHFR
Genotyping
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
23
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Certain mutations in the gene coding for MTHFR produce an enzyme that has reduced activity.
Reduced activity can lead to elevated levels of homocysteine (a.k.a. hyperhomocysteinemia),
especially when folate levels are low.
High homocysteine (>13umol/L) may double the risk of developing illness or complications.
MTHFR genotyping can provide information about potential causes of elevated homocysteine
and approaches for addressing it.
Based on MTHFR and homocysteine results, physicians can develop dietary and medical
recommendations - increased intake of folate alone or in combination with vitamins B6 and B12
are recommended.
Based on results, recommendations for methotrexate dosage can be adjusted.
Risks Associated with MTHFR Variants/High Homocysteine:
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Cardiovascular Disease
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Cerebral Vascular Disease (Stroke)
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Venous and Arterial Thrombosis
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Methotrexate Toxicity for Cancer Therapy
Who Should be Tested?
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Those with high homocysteine levels.
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Those who have a familial history of cardiovascular disease, stroke or thrombosis.
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Those who are candidates for long-term methotrexate therapy.
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
25
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Nutritional Testing
An innovative assessment of a patient’s intracellular nutritional status. 34 vitamins, minerals, amino acids and
antioxidants are evaluated.
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Telomere Testing
Determines the length of a patient's telomeres in relation to the patient's age.
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Overwhelming scientific evidence confirms that vitamin deficiencies are associated with disease processes and the
overall condition of one’s health. Vitamin, mineral and antioxidant deficiencies have been shown to suppress
immune function and contribute to chronic degenerative processes such as arthritis, cancer, Alzheimer’s,
cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This body of research has been reaffirmed by the Journal of the American
Medical Association (June 19, 2002-Vol 287, No 23).
Telomeres are sections of genetic material at the end of each chromosome whose primary function is to prevent
chromosomal “fraying” when a cell replicates. As a cell ages, its telomeres become shorter. Eventually, the
telomeres become too short to allow cell replication, the cell stops dividing and will ultimately die - a normal
biological process. SpectraCell’s Telomere Test can determine the length of a patient’s telomeres in relation to
the patient’s age.
ApoE Genotyping
Determines an individual’s genetic risk associated with the Apolipoprotein E genes.
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This test determines an individual’s genetic risk associated with the Apolipoprotein E gene. ApoE is involved in the
metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides, and variants in this gene can have clinically relevant implications for
disease risk as well as one’s response to statin therapy, dietary fat, and other risk factors (eg., smoking and
alcohol consumption). Approximately 45% of individuals carry one or more of the high risk variants within the ApoE
gene. The results of the genotyping of Apolipoprotein E have important implications in the treatment strategies
for individual patients in reducing cardiovascular disease risk.
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MTHFR Genotyping
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Determines an individual’s genetic risk associated with the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) gene.
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MTHFR is an enzyme responsible for converting 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to the product 5methyltetrahydrofolate - it is involved in the metabolism of folate and homocysteine. The product of the reaction
catalyzed by MTHFR converts homocysteine (a potentially toxic amino acid) to methionine (a useful and necessary
amino acid).
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Renal failure refers to temporary or permanent
damage to the kidneys that results in loss of
normal kidney function. There are two
different types of renal failure - acute and
chronic.
 Acute renal failure has an abrupt onset and is
potentially reversible.
 Chronic failure progresses slowly over at least
three months and can lead to permanent renal
failure.
 The causes, symptoms, treatments, and
outcomes of acute and chronic are different.
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
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Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
29
Dr. Patricia Deckert www.newbhc.com & Rita Sterling www.bloomingnow.com – For educational purposes only
30