Transcript DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCERS

DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
AND
Ergogenic Aids
What Are Dietary Supplements?

Vitamins, Minerals, Amino acids, and other substances that are
supplemented from the regular diet to help compensate for
nutritional deficiencies.

Supplementation should be evaluated on an individual basis.

It is ideal to get all of the recommended nutrients from food, but
this requires careful planning.

Supplementation with a multivitamin is recommended for
everyone.
What are Ergogenic Aids?

Ergogenic means work producing.
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An ergogenic aid is any agent that enhances energy utilization,
including energy production and efficiency.
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Example of an ergogenic aid:
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Anabolic Steroids

Growth Hormones (HGH)

Creatine Monohydrate

Ephedra
Anabolic Steroids
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
Anabolic-androgenic steroids are synthetic testosterone.
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Anabolic = muscle-building or growth
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Androgenic = masculine characteristics
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Steroids = class of drugs
Anabolic steroids are legally prescribed to treat:
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Abnormally low levels of testosterone
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Delayed puberty
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Impotence
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Diseases where the body’s lean tissue is wasting away
Anabolic Steroids
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Anabolic Steroids are taken orally or injected.
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The peak year for anabolic steroid use was in 1999.
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Since 2005 steroid use has dropped every year.
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The drop in use is likely due to the Anabolic Control Act of 2004 which
expanded the DEA’s authority regarding possession and sale.
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Also due to Anabolic Steroid education.
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Anabolic Steroids are illegal without a prescription.
Are Anabolic Steroids Gateway Drugs?
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Some users turn to other drugs to alleviate the negative effects
of anabolic steroids.
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A study of 227 men admitted to a drug treatment center for
heroin addiction found that 86% first used heroin to counteract
the insomnia and irritability resulting from anabolic steroids.
Side Effects of Anabolic Steroids

Major Side Effects:
 Brain,
liver, and kidney tumors
 Increase
 Bad
in LDL (low-density lipoproteins) cholesterol
cholesterol that causes heart disease
 Decrease
 Good
in HDL (high-density lipoproteins) cholesterol
cholesterol that decrease risk of HD.
 Adolescent
growth hindered through premature skeletal maturation and
accelerated puberty
 Individuals
 HIV
who inject anabolic steroids run the risk of:
(AIDS)
 Hepatitis
Other Side Effects Of
Anabolic Steroids
Male

Development of breasts
Increased risk of
prostate cancer
 Shrinkage of the
testicles leading to
infertility
 Acne
 Jaundice (yellowing of
the skin)

Female

Facial hair

Baldness
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Changes in menstrual cycle
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Deepened voice
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Acne
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Jaundice (yellowing of the
skin)
Do Anabolic Steroids Cause Depression?
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Research shows that when the users stops taking steroids that
depression occurs.
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Depression occurs because when the synthetic testosterone in put in
the body the body stops producing natural testosterone.

The lack of testosterone will lead to a severe depression and
sometimes suicide.
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This contributes to a dependence on Anabolic steroids.
Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

Produce naturally by the pituitary gland

HGH works by increasing the conversion of amino acids into protein allowing
fat to be used as an energy source, sparing muscle glycogen.

Adverse affects of HGH:
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Heart Disease

Impotence

Osteoporosis

Death
Creatine Monohydrate
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Creatine is an amino acid made in the body by the liver and kidneys.
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Creatine is found naturally in skeletal muscles
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Creatine works by increasing energy in the skeletal muscle during exercise,
allowing the athlete to sustain strenuous exercise for a longer period of
time.
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Adverse affects of Creatine:
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Weight gain due to increase in cellular water in the muscle
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Cramping due to dehydration
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Decrease in kidney function
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Depresses the body’s own synthesis of creatine, which may not return to
normal
Ephedrine
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Ephedrine is an herb that is derived from ephedra.
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Ephedrine stimulates the activity of the central nervous system.
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The FDA does not regulate ephedrine
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Ephedrine is banned by the:
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NCAA
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NFL
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IOC
Adverse effects of ephedrine:
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Hypertension (high blood pressure)
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Rapid heart rate
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Heart attack and stroke
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Death