Transcript Nutrition and Health

Nutrition and Health
6 Essential Nutrients
1. Proteins
2. Fats (Saturated & Unsaturated)
3. Carbs (Simple & Complex) (simple = sugar, corn syrup)
(complex = vegetables, whole grains, beans)
1. Vitamins
2. Minerals
3. Water
Vitamins
• Vitamin A: Vision, Beta-Carotine
• Vitamin C: Immunity
• Vitamin E: Digestion & Joints, Muscles
Minerals
• Calcium: Gives you strong bones: Not
absorbed without Vitamin D3 which is
produced by your body.
• Milk is a source of calcium but in an inorganic
form due to pasteurization.
Water
• 70% of our bodies are water.
• Hydration is important in life.
2 non-essential nutrients
• Fiber
• Cholesterol
Fiber
• Fiber: Psyllium is a good source of fiber.
• Psyllium is a plant.
• High grain cereals are also a good source of
fiber because of the bran.
Obesity
• 30% of Americans are obese and almost 60%
are overweight.
• Portion control is a key for weight control.
• People should consume 2-4 fruits and 3-5
vegetables per day.
Duke University
• Duke University has the best weight
management control unit in the country and
one of the best in the world.
Fruits & Vegetables
• Best Fruits:
– Apples (especially the skin)
– Oranges (for Vitamin C)
Best Vegetables:
Broccoli
Spinach
Lima Beans
Weight Loss
• There are 3,500 calories in a pound
• Burn more calories than you consume
Drugs & Alcohol
• Tolerance: the need to do more and create the same
effect
• Withdrawal: the physiological and psychological
effects from stopping a drug
• Addiction: the psychological connection to a drug
• Dependence: the physiological connection to a drug
• Hardest to kick: heroin, meth, nicotine
Dram Shop Law
• Dram Shop: A bar or restaurant is legally responsible
for a person who comes in already drunk and causes
damage when they leave.
• Dram Shop Extension: An individual who throws a
party with alcohol is responsible for the damage done
if someone leaves the party and drives home.
• One Year Law: If you are at a party with drugs or
alcohol as a minor, your license can be suspended for
one year, just for being there.
Drinking & Driving
• .08 – Legally drunk in every state in the U.S.
(DUI)
• .05-Legally impaired in every state in the U.S.
(DWI)
• .01-Legal Minor: Legally drunk if under the
age of 21
Texting and Driving
• Texting and driving is like being a .08 on the road.
• Your brain processes 2 types of tasks: Associative
and Cognitive
o Associative: Able to do 2 or more actions at one
time
o Cognitive: Can only complete one action at a
time (Texting & Driving is not an associative task)
Drugs
• Stimulants
• Depressants
• Hallucinogens
Directly affect the Central Nervous System
Stimulants
• Any drug that increases respiration and heart
rate.
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Caffeine
Ritalin
Cocaine
Methamphetamine
Steroids
5 Hour Energy & Red Bull
Caffeine
• Caffeine is the most used drug in America and
is primarily found in coffee and soda.
• An apple has fructose and complex carbs.
• Some suggest that these can wake a person up
better than coffee in the morning.
Ritalin
• Ritalin is primarily used for ADHD and is
effective because it has a reverse effect.
• Other ADHD drugs are currently on the market
and have the same effect: Adderol, Stratera,
Vivance
Cocaine
• Cocaine is the most lethal drug there is
because it can kill the first time it is used.
• It is similar to SSRI (selective serotonin uptake
inhibitor) medications in extreme dosage.
• SSRIs = Prozac, Zoloft
Methamphetamine
• Methamphetamine has a strong stimulant
effect and can create hallucinogenic effects
but is not considered an hallucinogen.
Steroids
• Steroids give people increased strength.
• Steroids decrease the need for recovery time.
• Steroids cause increased aggression and
anger.
Red Bull & 5 Hour Energy
• Withdrawal from these can cause heart
palpitations and “the shakes.”
• Addiction & dependence can occur from these
substances.
• Red Bull & vodka is sometimes combined.
PCP (Phencyclidine)
• Was initially developed as an elephant and
horse tranquilizer
• Creates extreme human strength and
complete resistance to pain
Depressants
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Alcohol
Tobacco (Nicotine within is a stimulant)
Codeine
Barbiturates
Alcohol
• Responsible for 50% of all car accidents
• #1 cause of all accidents, #2 among teens (for
teens: Speeding is #1, Texting is #3)
• Responsible for more than 50% of all domestic
abuse situations
Codeine & Barbiturates
• Found in most cough syrups and pain killers.
• Vicodin is a barbiturate with strong addictive
and dependent tendencies.
• Robitussin used to be a substance that
students would drink in large quantities to get
a quick high.
Marijuana
• Exaggerates the senses
• Natural pain killer for cancer, migraines, and
other pain-related issues (can be
controversial)
Negative Effects of Marijuana
1. Decreases sperm count
2. Negatively impacts short-term memory
3. Decreases motivation
4. Arrests emotional development
Alcoholism
• Definition - The most widely accepted definition
of alcoholism is when drinking negatively impacts
three main areas of a person’s life:
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Work or school
Friends and family relationships
Emotional well-being
Physical health
The Alcoholic Family
• Enabling (Codependency): When the
individual who is usually the spouse of an
alcoholic puts their own emotions aside and
allows themselves to be taken advantage of to
the extreme.
• These individuals will lie and make excuses for
the addict/alcoholic.
Homeostasis
• Biologically a positive concept
• Emotionally a negative concept
• Maintaining homeostasis means keeping the
negative patterns the same
• Breaking homeostasis means creating a
change
• Alcoholic/drug addicted families maintain
homeostasis by nature.
4 Roles
• Hero: Usually the oldest child, has to be the best at
everything they do.
• Mascot: Usually the youngest child and is the favorite of
the alcoholic. Makes jokes and relieves the tension in the
family. Is charming.
• Lost Child: Usually the middle child of the family. Stays
away from the situation.
• Scapegoat: Can be any age. Gets blamed for acting out
and misbehaving. Is most likely to become an alcoholic
when they get older.
Treatment
• Most common treatment for any drug or
alcohol problem is the 12 step approach:
• AA-Alcoholics Anonymous
• Alanon-For spouses and family members of
the alcoholic/addict
• Alateen-For teenagers of the alcoholic
• Alatot-For children of the alcoholic
Nicotine & Tobacco
• Nicotine is a highly addictive & dependent
substance
• Nicotine is a stimulant within tobacco which is
a depressant
• There are over 4,000 chemicals in tobacco
• Long term effect of tobacco is emphysema
Test 2 Review
• 14 Questions: Nutrition & Health
• 21 Questions: Drugs & Alcohol
• 5 Questions: Smoking Video & Notes
• 10 Questions: True-False from Entire Unit
Essay
• Alcoholism & The Family
• Include: Alcoholism Definition
• Homeostasis
• Enabling
• Roles of Children in Alcoholic Family