Transcript ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, AND OTHER DRUGS

What are the risks?
DEPRESSANTS
SLOW OPERATIONS OF BRAIN & BODY
EX. Alcohol, Barbiturates, Tranquilizers(Valium,
Prozac), GHB, Rohypnol, Antidepressants(Paxil)
 STIMULANTS
ACCELERATE HEART RATE & BLOOD PRESSURE
EX. Cocaine, Crack, Amphetamines,
Methamphetamine
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HALLUCINOGENS
PERCEIVE THINGS DIFFERENTLY
EX. LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, MDMA(Ecstasy)
 ANESTHETICS
INHIBITS PAIN BY CUTTING OFF BRAIN’S
PERCEPTION OF PAIN
EX. PCP
 CANNABIS
EX. Marijuana, Hashish
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NARCOTICS(ANALGESICS)
RELIEVES PAIN, INDUCES EUPHORIA & MOOD
CHANGES
EX. Opium, Codeine, Heroin, Demerol, Darvon,
Morphine, Methadone, Vicodin, OxyContin
 INHALANTS
BREATHABLE SUBSTANCES CAUSE MINDALTERING RESULTS
EX. Toluene, Plastic cement, paint, gasoline,
paint thinners, hair spray
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USING A MEDICINE IN WAYS OTHER THAN THE
INTENDED USE
NOT FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS
GIVING MEDS TO ANOTHER PERSON
TAKING TOO MUCH OR LITTLE
TAKING FOR LONGER OR SHORTER TIME
DISCONTINUING WITHOUT INFORMING
DOCTOR
MIXING MEDS
TAKING MEDS NOT PRESCRIBED FOR YOU
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90 % of adult smokers start as teens
Easier to avoid tobacco than to try to quit
Nicotine—addictive drug in tobacco
Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes
Smokeless tobacco-delivers nicotine &
carcinogens at levels two to three times
amount of one cigarette
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LEGAL: suspensions, expulsions, minor in
possession tickets
SOCIAL: being excluded by non-smokers
FINANCIAL: expensive to
individuals($2200/yr) and society($97
billion/yr)
SHORT-TERM EFFECTS
--crave drug, withdrawal
--headaches
--nervousness, trembling
--respiration & heart rate
increase
--taste buds dulled &
appetite reduced
--bad breath, yellowed
teeth, smelly hair, skin &
clothes
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LONG-TERM EFFECTS
--chronic bronchitis
--emphysema
--lung cancer
--coronary heart disease
--stroke
--weakened immune
system
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Become addicted to nicotine
Suppression of the immune system
Oral cancer
Cancer of throat, larynx, esophagus,
stomach, pancreas
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88% of teens do not smoke
Recognize health risks
Legislation-antismoking campaigns
No smoking policies(public places,
businesses)
Family values
Positive peer pressure
Financial cost
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Developed overseas as a way for people to
quit smoking
Not approved or regulated by the FDA
Is it a safe alternative to other forms of
tobacco?
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Poison control centers saw a 145% increase in
calls involving e-cigs between 2013 – 2014
Primary & secondhand vapor exposure
(nicotine exposure)
Propylene glycol exposure
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Lack of regulation
Risk of explosion, fires, poisoning, hazardous
waste, other drug use
Marketed to maintain addiction
False claims
Being marketed to children
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Ethanol—type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages
Factors that influence alcohol use/not use
--peer pressure, family, media messages
Most important factor to NOT use alcohol by
teens is parental disapproval
36 people die each day as a result of alcohol
related traffic collisions
25% of youth are exposed to alcohol abuse
People who begin drinking as teens are 4 times
more likely to develop alcohol dependence
SHORT-TERM
--slows central nervous
system, reaction time
--impairs vision &
judgment
--intoxication
--dulled concentration
--impaired
coordination
--increased blood
pressure & heart
rate(small amts)
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--decreased blood
pressure & heart rate
(large amts)
--increase urine output
can cause dehydration
--drop body temp
--release of toxic
chemicals by liver
--increase in stomach
acid
LONG-TERM
--damage to brain
cells & reduction in
brain size
--high blood
pressure
--increase chance of
heart attack or stroke
--buildup of fat cells
in liver
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--damage to
digestive lining of
stomach
--destruction of
pancreas
--damage to
relationships
--damage to most
body systems
--addiction,
alcoholism
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Binge drinking: 5 or more drinks in one
sitting
Substance abuse is linked to increases in
accidental injuries, unintended pregnancies,
violent crimes
Alcohol use is a factor in 33- 40% of sexual
assaults & date-rape cases
Teen drinkers are twice as likely to contract
an STI
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BODY SIZE—SMALLER MORE IMPACT
GENDER—MOVES FASTER TO BLOODSTREAM
IN FEMALES
FOOD—FOOD IN STOMACH SLOWS PASSAGE
RATE OF INTAKE
AMOUNT
MEDICINE—DRUG INTERACTIONS
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PRACTICE REFUSAL SKILLS
SPEND TIME WITH FRIENDS WHO SHARE YOUR
VALUES
KNOW YOUR VALUES AND STICK BY THEM
HAVE ALTERNATIVE ACTIVITIES
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ILLEGAL DRUGS ARE NOT MONITORED FOR
QUALITY, PURITY, OR STRENGTH
HEALTHY ALTERNATIVES: HOBBIES, SPORTS,
COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES, SCHOOL
ORGANIZATIONS
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ALSO KNOWN AS GRASS, WEED, BUD, POT
ONE OF MOST WIDELY USED ILLEGAL
DRUGS(LEGAL IN COLORADO, WASHINGTON,
ALASKA, OREGON, & D.C., CALIFORNIA, NEVADA,
MAINE, MASSACHUSETTS, 20 OTHER STATES
HAVE MEDICAL)
CONSIDERED A GATEWAY DRUG
STUDIES SHOW THAT TEENS WHO USE
MARIJUANA ARE 15 TIMES MORE LIKELY TO USE
COCAINE
CONTAIN MORE CANCER CAUSING AGENTS THAN
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
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HALLUCINATIONS, PARANOIA
IMPAIRED MEMORY, REACTION TIME,
CONCENTRATION, COORDINATION
LUNG IRRITATION, COUGHING
HEART & LUNG DAMAGE
RISK OF LUNG CANCER
WEAKENED IMMUNITY TO INFECTION
INCREASED APPETITE
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INCREASED RISK OF STILLBIRTH & BIRTH
DEFECTS
CHANGE IN HORMONE LEVELS
RISK OF INFERTILITY IN FEMALES & MALES
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RAISES LEVELS OF DOPAMINE THAT GIVES
USERS A “HIGH”
SUFFER A LETDOWN “CRASH” WHEN DRUG
WEARS OFF
SLOW REFLEXES, ANXIETY, PARANOIA
DIZZY, HARD TIME REMEMBERING
DISTORTED PERCEPTION
LOSS OF COORDINATION
VERY SLEEPY
LACK OF MOTIVATION
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Suspended driving privileges
Probation
Jail time
Court costs/fines
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PEER PRESSURE—POSITIVE/NEGATIVE
MEDIA
FAMILY
COMMUNITY VALUES/EFFORTS
HEALTH ISSUES
LEGAL CONSEQUENCES
ECONOMIC ISSUES
SCHOOL EFFORTS/CONNECTEDNESS