Transcript 1-7-17 PPT

ANTIBIOTICS
By Alaina Darby
Which of the following is a term that would
not apply to the treatment of a virus-caused
condition?
a. Chemotherapy
b.Antibiotic
c. Antimicrobial
d.Selective toxicity
Which of the following describes post-antibiotic effect?
a. Suppression of bacterial growth after ceasing antibiotic
administration
b.Suppression of bacterial growth after ceasing antibiotic
administration and concentration is below MIC
c. Bacterial regrowth after ceasing antibiotic administration
d.Bacterial regrowth after ceasing antibiotic administration
and concentration is below MIC
Which of the following is the most important
factor in determining antimicrobial therapy?
a. Antibiotic specificity and spectrum
b.Bactericidal vs bacteriostatic function
c. Diagnosis of infecting organism
d.Post antibiotic effect
Why might one choose erythromycin over an
antibiotic like metronidazole that has a
broader spectrum?
a. Less alteration of GI microflora
b.Aid in organism identification
c. Target a specific area of the body
d.Decrease the MIC
Which of the following describes the latency period?
a. Time from administration until the drug kills all bacteria
in a cidal drug
b.Time from administration until the drug begins to inhibit
bacterial multiplication in a cidal drug
c. Time from administration until the drug begins to
reduce the number of pathogens in a cidal drug
d.Time from administration until the drug begins to
reduce the number of pathogens in a static drug
Which of the following relies upon host
defenses to aid in eliminating the pathogen?
a. Bactericidal
b.Bacteriostatic
c. Neither bactericidal or bacteriostatic
d.Both bactericidal and bacteriostatic
What would not be a reason for choosing a
bactericidal agent over a bacteriostatic agent?
a. More rapid acting
b.Reduced number of organisms
c. More effective
d.Effects without maintaining MIC
Which of the following cases would not require
a bactericidal agent?
a. Bacterial endocarditis
b.Pertussis
c. Meningitis
d.Transplant patient
Which of the following exhibits no postantibiotic effect?
a. Aminoglycosides
b.Fluoroqinolones
c. Clindamycin
d.Vancomycin
Which of the following exhibits no post-antibiotic
effect?
a. Time-dependent
b.Concentration-dependent
c. Time-dependent and concentration-enhanced
d.Concentration-dependent and time-enhanced
Which of the following is a protected site into
which antibiotic will not be readily available?
a. Bladder
b.Kidney
c. Prostate
d.Lungs
Which of the following is not a major concern
when selecting an antibiotic for its
concentration at the site of infection?
a. Patient compliance
b.Metabolism and excretion
c. Route of administration
d.Anaerobic conditions
Which of the following would not be reason to
use combination chemotherapy?
a. Increase bactericidal activity at the same site
b.Prevent emergence of resistant organisms
c. Permit lower doses of the antibiotics
d.Treat infection of unknown etiology
Which of the following is not an infection that
is often treated with combination
chemotherapy?
a. Tuberculosis
b.Malaria
c. HIV
d.Meningitis
What would not be a reason to choose a single
agent for therapy?
a. Same site toxicity
b.Mixed bacterial infection
c. Static plus cidal combination
d.Increased cost
Which of the following is not true of
superinfections?
a. They are due to alterations in the normal flora
b.Incidence increases with broad spectrum agents
c. They are a reappearance of the primary infection
d.They appear during treatment
Which of the following is not true of antibiotic
resistance?
a. Natural resistance is present before antibiotic therapy
b.Acquired resistance is caused by the antibiotic
c. Acquired resistance occurs in a species that was once
sensitive
d.Acquired resistance is a consequence of antibiotic
therapy
Which of the following is not an indication for
prophylaxis?
a. Prevent infection by a specific organism
b.Prevent all potential secondary infections in
a patient ill with other diseases
c. Prevent infection from rupture of a viscus or
a surgical procedure
d.Prevent bacterial endocarditis or recurrence
of rheumatic fever
Which of the following would not be true of
the ideal antimicrobial?
a. Alkaline stable
b.Orally absorbed
c. Bactericidal
d.Good distribution to bones
Which of the following would not be true of
the ideal antimicrobial?
a. Readily excreted
b.Widest spectrum possible
c. Low MLC
d.High tissue concentration
PENICILLINS
Which of the following do penicillins inhibit?
a. Joining of L-Alanine to D-Alanine
b.Joining of L-Alanine to Glycine
c. Joining of Glycine to D-Alanine
d.Joining of L-Lysine to D- Alanine
Which of the following is effective against
Treponema pallidum when given orally?
a. Penicillin V
b.Nafcillin
c. Dicloxacillin
d.Piperacillin
Which of the following would be used to treat
MSSA when given parenterally?
a. Penicillin G
b.Penicillin V
c. Nafcillin
d.Oxacillin
Which of the following is used in pseudomonal
infections?
a. Ticarcillin orally
b.Ticarcillin parenterally
c. Ampicillin orally
d.Ampicillin parenterally
Which of the following is usually combined
with aminoglycosides for serious infections?
a. Piperacillin
b.Penicillin V
c. Nafcillin
d.Cyclacillin
Which of the following is not effective against
gram negative rods?
a. Ampicillin
b.Ticarcillin
c. Cyclacillin
d.Penicillin G
Which of the following is not effective against
some gram negative cocci?
a. Ampicillin
b.Ticarcillin
c. Cyclacillin
d.Penicillin G
Which of the following might be used in the
prevention of streptococcal pharyngitis or the
treatment of syphilis?
a. Procaine penicillin G
b.Procaine penicillin V
c. Penicillin V
d.Penicillin G
Which of the following combinations of
penicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitors is
given orally?
a. Timentin
b.Unasyn
c. Augmentin
d.Zosyn
Which of the following is given for MSSA or
anaerobe producing respiratory tract
infections?
a. Timentin
b.Unasyn
c. Augmentin
d.Zosyn
Which of the following is given for gram
negative bacilli and includes clavulanic acid as
the beta-lactamase inhibitor?
a. Timentin
b.Unasyn
c. Augmentin
d.Zosyn
Which of the following is true of the
pharmacokinetics of penicillins?
a. The presence of food increases absorption
b.Protein binding can be predicted based on
chemical structure
c. They are excreted predominantly unchanged
d.Excretion is primarily through glomerular
filtration
Which of the following undergoes both biliary
and renal excretion?
a. Nafcillin
b.Oxacillin
c. Dicloxacillin
d.Amoxicillin
Kate has decreased kidney function. Which of the
following should she expect when taking penicillin?
a. Dose adjustment due to increased hepatic metabolism
b.Dose adjustment due to decreased hepatic
metabolism
c. Dose adjustment due to increased renal excretion
d.Dose adjustment due to decreased renal excretion
Which of the following is not a mechanism of
resistance?
a. Inhibition of beta-lactamases
b.Inability of penicillins to bind to the PBP
c. Lack of activation of autolytic enzymes
d.Decreased penetration of penicillins to site
of action
Which of the following would be used to treat
MRSA?
a. Tetracycline
b.Erythromycin
c. Cephalosporin
d.Vancomycin
Which of the following should not be used in a
hypokalemic patient?
a. Augmentin
b.Ampicillin
c. Piperacillin
d.Penicillin G
Which of the following may cause nausea,
vomiting, and diarrhea?
a. Augmentin
b.Ampicillin
c. Piperacillin
d.Penicillin G
A patient comes in with a rash three days after
starting an antibiotic. Which antibiotic was
that patient likely taking?
a. Amoxicillin
b.Penicillin V
c. Oxacillin
d.Cyclacillin