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TasP – Leadership perspective The Brazilian Ongoing Experience Fabio Mesquita, MD, PhD Director of the Brazilian Ministry of Health’s HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis Department www.aids.gov.br July 23th, 2014 HIV Prevalence Rate Detection Rate Aids Detection Rate Year Brazil North Northeast Southeast South Midwest SOURCE: The Brazilian Ministry of Health’s HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis Department (MS/SVS/Departamento de DST, Aids e Hepatites Virais) (1) Cases notified in SINAN and registered in SISCEL/SICLOM by June 30 2012 and declared in the 2000 – 2011 SIM Preliminary data HIV/Aids in Brazil Deaths due to AIDS, annual average: 12,000 15,000, considering 30% due to underreporting and misreporting What have we learned? We were relatively successful in controlling the epidemic, but were finding it hard to move on Need to strengthen and redirect the national response How? • Evidence Based Decision • Innovation • Creativity Classic Prevention Condoms Harm Reduction Enabling Environment Treatment as Prevention “The results have galvanized efforts to eliminate the global AIDS epidemic” Dr. Bruce Alberts, editor of Science magazine New Testing Algorithms NEW GOVERNMENT DIRECTIVE (DECEMBER 2013) It introduces five new algorithms aimed at increasing access to testing and diagnosis Algorithm 1: screening + confirmation -> RT finger prick Algorithm 2: screening RT finger prick + confirmation Oral Fluid Algorithm 3: screening 3rd generation immunoassays + confirmation VIRAL LOAD quantification Algorithm 4: 4th generation immunoassays as screening + confirmation VIRAL LOAD quantification Algorithm 5: combines 3rd generation immunoassay screening followed by Western Blot/Imunoblot confirmatory test FOCUS on Key Population Focus on Key Populations 60 financed projects Use of screening with oral fluid RT technology 4 populations: Trans Gay and other MSM PUD SW 4567 people tested by July 11 New Treatment Protocol The new Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines (CPTG) for Treatment of the HIV Infection in Adults was discussed with an Advisory Board of experts, submitted to public consultation for 30 days, and published by Government Directive no. 27, on November 29, 2013. CPTG is available at: - www.aids.gov.br/pcdt (pdf and html) - Apple stores and Google Play (App) New Treatment Protocol One of the highlights amongst the CPTG’s main new items is a recommendation to initiate antiretroviral therapy for all HIV positive people, regardless of CD4, based on the possible impact on morbidity and mortality, but also on the reduction of HIV transmission. A Public Health Approach. Brazil was the first developing country and the third country in the world to use treatment as prevention for all people with HIV and in its national recommendations. Use of fixed recommended dose for first-line preferred regimen: TDF + 3TC + EFV Expansion of HIV Management to Primary Care At the beginning of the AIDS epidemic: - High morbimortality – “AIDSdeaths” - Few drugs available - Many pills a day - Many side effects - Low treatment success - HIV as acute disease Presently: - Decrease in mortality, increased survival - Many treatment options - Few pills a day - Few side effects - High treatment success - HIV as chronic disease Specialized services Specialists New care model Participation of Primary Care and Specialist Services in caring for PLWHA Our goal for 2014: at least 100 thousand more people in treatment New PLWHA on ART in the first semester of each year. Brazil, 2012-14 2014: a 30% increase, approximately, when compared to the same period in 2013 In 2014, the CD4 counts of 40% of the patients who began treatment was greater than 500 Distribution of individuals who began ART according to CD4 counts carried out 6 months earlier at most, by year of beginning in Brazil, 2009-2014* (*) Up to June 2014. TasP is integrated with other strategies for a new treatment policy in Brazil Combined fixed doses Optimize drug regimens VIVA MELHOR SABENDO Mobilize communities TREATMENT 2.0 Adapt delivery systems HIV Management in Primary Care POC and other simplified monitoring New diagnosis algorithms Reduce costs New treatment protocol – lines of treatment 90 / 90 / 90: a Latin America Goal 90 / 90 / 90: a Latin America Goal 90% 90% 90% 90 / 90 / 90: a Latin America Goal 90% 90% 90% Jun/14 Jun/14