Transcript Illegal Drugs - cloudfront.net

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Health: Unit #3
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Substance abuse: Any unnecessary or improper use of
chemical substances for non-medical purposes
o Includes:
-Overuse, or multiple use of a drug
-Use of an illegal drug
-Use of a drug with alcohol
o Leading cause of crime, suicide, and unintentional injuries
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Illegal drugs: Chemical substances that people of any age
may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell
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Illicit drug use: The use or sale of any substance that is
illegal or otherwise not permitted; a crime
o Includes sale of prescription drugs to people who they are not
intended for
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Peer pressure
o The influence of your friends or social group
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Family members
o Can help teens resist drug use
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Role models
o Coaches, athletes, actors, and professionals who speak about the
benefits of being drug-free
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Media messages
o TV, radio, web sites, movies, and music can influence how you feel
about drug use
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Perceptions of drug behavior
o May lead teens to believe that drug use is higher than it is in reality
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Misleading information
o Can lead teens to think that certain drug use can be beneficial
PHYSICAL
 Overdose: A strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large
amount of a drug
o Injecting with a needle = increase risk of hepatitis B and HIV
MENTAL
 May impair ability to reason and think
 Ecstasy alters the brain’s structure and function
 Behave in ways that go against values
SOCIAL
 Lose friendships
 Relationships with family members suffer
 Legal consequences
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Tolerance
o A need for more and more of the drug to achieve desired effect
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Psychological dependence (mind)
o Causes a person to believe that a drug is needed in order to feel
good or to function normally
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Physiological dependence (body)
o User develops a chemical dependence to the drug (withdrawal
symptoms occur when the drug starts to wears off)
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Addiction
o A psychological and physiological dependence on a drug
(professional intervention to stop is necessary)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cskq_zGVSZs – 20/20 the new
face of heroin addiction (8:32)
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Marijuana: A plant whose leaves, buds, and flowers are usually
smoked for their intoxicating effects
o All forms are mind-altering and can damage user’s health
o Some forms combined with other drugs during processing
(unpredictable)
o Can lead to risky behavior and even death
o Smoked (same risks as tobacco smokers)
o Contains carcinogens (cancer causing chemicals)
o Inhaling unfiltered smoke (respiratory problems)
o Smoking (damage to immune system – more susceptible to infections)
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IHX7zQrBEG8
(8 min 29 sec)
THC stands for Tetrahydrocannabinol
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0IzYFHTGho
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Inhalants: Substances whose fumes are sniffed or inhaled
to give an effect
o Depress the CNS (central nervous system)
o Permanent loss of brain cells
o To avoid accidentally inhaling fumes while doing household chores:
• Well- ventilated room
• Wear a mask
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=392jFOsvpoQ
(8 min 25 sec)
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Anabolic-androgenic steroids: Synthetic substances similar
to male sex hormones
o Injection = increased risk for Hepatitis B and HIV
o Violent behavior, extreme mood swings, depression, paranoia
o Any non-medical use of steroids is illegal
o Anabolic  MUSCLE BUILDING
o Androgenic  INCREASED MALE CHARACTERISTICS
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Male:
o Shrinking testicles
o Reduced sperm count
o Baldness
o Development of breasts
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Female:
o Facial hair
o Baldness
o Menstrual cycle changes
o Deepened voice
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Psychoactive drugs: Chemicals that affect the central
nervous system and alter activity in the brain
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4 main groups:
o Stimulants
o Depressants
o Opiates (Narcotics)
o Hallucinogens
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Club drug: A drug found at concerts, dance clubs, and drug
parties, called raves
o Sometimes disguised in foods, or slipped into drinks and taken without
a person’s knowledge
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Designer drugs: Synthetic drugs that are made to imitate the
effects of other drugs
o Examples:
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Ecstasy (MDMA)
Rohypnol (roofies)
GHB (Gamma hydroxybutyric acid)
Ketamine (special K)
Methamphetamine (meth)
LSD (acid)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dE1PNgp1v00
(ecstasy)
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKbTbRqXVFg
(bath salts)
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Stimulants: Drugs that speed up the central nervous system
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Examples:
o Nicotine
o Caffeine
o Cocaine
o Methamphetamines
o Crack
o Amphetamines (adderall, ritalin)
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Depressants: Drugs that slow down the central nervous
system
o Slow heart rate, respiration rate, and lower blood pressure
o Shallow breathing, weak or rapid pulse, coma, death
o Examples:
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Barbiturates (sedatives
Tranquilizers (relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, sleeplessness)
Rohypnol “roofies” (date rape drug)
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid “GHB”
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Hallucinogens: Drugs that alter moods, thoughts and sense
perceptions, including vision, hearing, smell, and touch
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Increase heart and respiratory rates
Overload sensory controls in brain (confusion, intensified sensations,
hallucinations)
Altered mental states for several hours or several days
Extremely unpredictable
May harm themselves physically, or behave violently and harm others
Examples:
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Ecstasy (MDMA)
Ketamine (anesthetic used to treat animals)
Acid (LSD)
Phencyclidine (PCP or angel dust)
Dextromethorphan (DXM)
Psilocybin (mushrooms)
Mescaline (peyote)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdh3Em-fAEo (LSD - 6 min)
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Opiates (Narcotics): drugs derived from the opium plant that are
obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain
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Abusing opiates:
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Dulls the senses
Causes drowsiness
Slow and shallow breathing
Convulsions
Coma
Death
Examples:
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Morphine (very strong; used to treat severe pain)
Codeine
Oxycodone (OxyContin)
Heroin (processed form of morphine)
The truth about heroin
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGuOlYTqi0E (Heroin - 6 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAHVESjVkWs (Painkillers – 7 min)
School Efforts
o Drug-free school zones: Areas within 1,000 to 1,500 feet
of school and designated by signs, within which people
caught selling drugs receive especially severe penalties
Community Efforts
o Drug Watches: Organized community efforts by
neighborhood residents to patrol, monitor, report, and
otherwise try to stop drug deals and drug abuse
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Rehabilitation: The process of medical and psychological treatment for
physiological and psychological dependence on a drug
o Most drug users need the help from family, friends, and counseling to end their
addiction
o Drug treatment centers offer a safe place to withdraw from drug use
o Many centers provide medications to help with the physical and psychological
effects of withdrawal
Examples:
o Outpatient drug-free treatment (individual and group counseling)
o Short-term treatment (centers that include residential, medication, and
outpatient therapy)
o Maintenance therapy (intended for heroin addicts – medication therapy)
o Therapeutic communities (highly structured programs that lst from 6-12
months)
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PRESCRIPTION (RX)
o PERSONAL TO AN INDIVIDUAL’S NEEDS
o MUST BE PRESCRIBED BY YOUR OWN DOCTOR
o THE POSSESION, PURCHASE, OR SALE OF THESE ON THE STREETS
IS ILLEGAL
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OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC)
o GENERAL INFORMATION FOR THE PUBLIC
o PURCHASE AT A PHARMACY, GROCERY STORE, GAS STATION, ETC.
http://www.knowyourdose.org/common-medicines/how-to-read-yourmedicine-label/