Transcript Director of High Performace Michael Scott

Alcohol and Other
Drugs Workshop
For National Open
Swimmers
(aged approximately 18 years old and over)
Presenter’s name:
(insert)
Date and location:
(insert)
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What is today about?
• Alcohol
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Policies, trends, effects on the body
• How alcohol and drugs affect:
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sporting performance and recovery
career and relationships
• Illicit drugs:
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cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine, amphetamines,
Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB), hallucinogens
• Strategies to stay safe and help your mates
• Videos and quiz
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What do you already know?
• Complete the 10 question quiz on
alcohol and other drugs
• Hold on to your quiz, your trainer will
give you the answers at the end of
today’s session
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What is alcohol?
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A central nervous system (CNS) depressant drug
Slows down your CNS (i.e. your breathing and heart rate)
Makes you feel relaxed and euphoric
Makes you less alert and makes you less able to respond
Affects your ability to make decisions
Dilates your blood vessels
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Who drinks what and how much?
• Alcohol is the most widely used drug in Australia
Drinking Style of 20-29 year olds
had never had a full serve
of alcohol
drank daily
drank weekly
drank less than weekly in
than past year
had given up alcohol
• Male drinkers mainly drink regular strength beer while
female drinkers mainly drink bottled wine or spirits
• Young females drink at riskier levels than males
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One standard drink (SD) can increase your blood alcohol
concentration (BAC) to approximately 0.03%
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One pre-mixed spirit (1.5 SD) can increase your BAC to 0.05%
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Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)
• Amount of alcohol in your blood
• Important if you are driving:
• 0.00%
• 0.02%
• 0.05%
• A range of factors associated with BAC:
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Body size
Empty stomach
Body fat
Gender
• Can you lower your BAC faster?
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2009 Australian Alcohol Guidelines
National Health and Medical Research Council
Young people:
• Under 18 year olds:
• The safest option is not to drink
• For healthy men and women:
• No more than two standard drinks on any one day
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Reduces the lifetime risk of harm from alcohol-related
disease or injury
• No more than four standard drinks on a single
occasion
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Reduces the risk of alcohol-related injury for a single
occasion
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Obligations under Swimming
Australia's policies
• Swimming Australia Limited (SAL) has a ‘dry team’ policy
• While the team is assembled to prepare for, attend and
participate in an event you must not:
• Drink alcohol; or
• Take any drug which is illegal in Australia or in any country
in which the team event is being held
• You must comply with any lawful demand by SAL to
undergo a test or provide a sample
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Alcohol and energy drinks
• Energy drinks contain the
stimulants caffeine and guarana
• These drugs mask the sedative
effects of alcohol on the CNS
• People drinking energy drinks
don’t feel as drunk, so they tend
to drink more
• Once the stimulant is
metabolised (broken down)
people become aware of
alcohol’s sedating effects
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Women and alcohol
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Women's bodies are proportionally made
up of more fat and less muscle than men's
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Women also have less water in their bodies
to dilute alcohol
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Therefore, when women drink the same amount
of alcohol as men they have a higher BAC
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It takes the body approximately 60 minutes
to metabolise a standard drink – for women
it is safest to allow 90 minutes
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Menstrual cycles also affect how fast
women’s bodies metabolise alcohol
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Drink spiking
• More likely to occur when
binge drinking
• It can result in:
• Loss of consciousness
• Loss of memory of events
• Inability to defend yourself
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Mixing alcohol with…
• Prescription drugs (e.g.
antidepressants, antibiotics)
• Unexpected drug interaction effects (e.g.
blackouts)
• Illicit Drugs (e.g. speed or cannabis)
• Confuses brain and body signals
• Alcohol increases the likelihood of
using an illicit drug
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Question
What are some good things about
drinking alcohol?
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The good
• Many people drink to:
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Socialise
Celebrate
Bond with the team, be part of the group
Feel good (euphoric)
Relax
Unwind
Enjoy the taste
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Question
What are some of the downsides to
drinking alcohol?
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The bad
Getting drunk can lead to:
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Liver – problems with your body
Lover – problems with your relationships
Livelihood – problems with your career
Law – problems with your sporting code or the law
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The ugly
When drinking goes from Binge to Cringe!
• Poor decisions
• Having sex you later regret
Out of control/too much alcohol:
• Aggression and/or violence
• Passing out
• Alcohol poisoning
• Cardiac failure
• Negative media (e.g. Internet, TV)
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Alcohol, other drugs and
sporting performance
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Question
How could alcohol affect your
performance as a swimmer?
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Psychomotor skills
Even small amounts of alcohol affect
psychomotor skills such as:
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Reaction time
Hand-eye or foot-eye coordination
Accuracy
Balance
Visual tracking
Visual search
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Alcohol and the brain
Alcohol affects the hippocampus
area of the brain - responsible for
memory and learning
• Brain takes longer to process info
• Coordination is impaired
• Longer time for muscles to react
Alcohol in your system will affect:
• Ability to learn new skills
• REM sleep (which solidifies memories and
new skills)
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Visual tracking and visual searching
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Visual tracking and visual searching
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Attention and concentration
• Even five standard drinks in
one session can impair brain
and body activities for up to
three days later
• Two big nights in a row can
increase this up to five days
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Alcohol and the body
Dehydration
Metabolic effects
Injury and recovery
Aerobic function
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Alcohol: Performance, fitness and
recovery summary
Not performing at peak:
• Reduces athletic performance by 11.4%
• Decreases endurance of performance
• Increases risk of sporting injuries (55%) compared to
non-drinkers (24%)
• Delays recovery from injuries
• Body composition changes
• General health effects
• Interferes with testosterone production
• Slows body's recovery from training
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Illicit drugs and the CNS
Stimulants
Depressants
Hallucinogens
Speed up the central
nervous system
Slow down the central
nervous system and the
messages between the
brain and body and the
heart rate and breathing
Distort the user’s perception
of reality – seeing things that
aren't really there
Include cocaine and
meth/amphetamines
such as speed, ice
and ecstasy
Include cannabis, GHB and
opioids such as heroin
Alcohol is a depressant
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Includes LSD, magic
mushrooms and ketamine
Cannabis
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Ecstasy
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Cocaine
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Amphetamines
Speed, Base and Ice
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GHB
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate
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Hallucinogens
Ketamine, LSD, magic mushrooms
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Short-term effects of illicit drug use
Desirable effects - why people take drugs:
• Distorted judgement and perception
• Feelings of well being or euphoria
• More confidence
• More energy
• Increased sexual arousal
• Having hallucinations
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Short-term effects of illicit drug use
Non desirable effects - the risks:
• Teeth grinding, skin itching, jaw clenching
• Anxiety, paranoia or aggression
• Drug-induced psychosis
• Nausea and vomiting
• Stomach cramps, muscle stiffness
• Rapid/irregular heart beat
• Possibility of coma, death, stroke, heart
attack or overdose
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What do we know about Australian
athletes using illegal drugs?
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How could illicit drugs affect your
performance as a swimmer?
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Effects of Illicit drugs on
your character
Elite athletes, coaches
and administrators talk
about character
Click on the image to start playing the interviews
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When to call an ambulance
• If a person is unconscious and can’t be awakened
by pinching, prodding or shouting
• If their skin is cold, clammy, pale or bluish in colour
• If a person is breathing slowly or irregularly - more
than 10 seconds between each breath
• If a person vomits without waking up
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Strategies to help a mate
• Help your mates get all the way home safely and take their keys
so they aren’t tempted to drive
• If someone is freaking out or feeling paranoid, take them to a quiet
place, reassure them that the symptoms with pass with time and
get medical help if you are worried about them
• Don’t give a drunk or intoxicated person any other drugs to try to
balance them out (such as coffee, energy drinks or sleeping pills).
This will just confuse the brain and body more and could make
them feel worse
• Don’t stick bread or anything else
down a drunk/intoxicated person’s
throat - they may choke. Small sips
of water are ok if they are conscious
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Strategies to help a mate
• Don’t leave a drunk/intoxicated person alone in a shower - they may
slip and hit their head or injure themselves
• If someone is vomiting or unconscious, put them in the recovery
position on their side - not on their back
• Don’t be afraid to get help or call an ambulance - paramedics don’t
necessarily call the police when illegal drugs are involved - unless they
feel threatened by violence or someone dies
• Be honest and tell medical staff what you/a mate has taken so they
know how to help you
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What did you learn today?
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What did you learn today?
• Answers to the Alcohol and Other Drugs in Sport Quiz
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Key messages
• Drinking and taking drugs can affect your body, brain
and sporting performance at training and competition
• Alcohol and other drug use and use can affect your
career, reputation and relationships
• There are strategies to stay safe and celebrate without
binge drinking
• Help is available to athletes who are concerned about
themselves or others, an athletes wellbeing is a priority
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Get help or more information
• Speak to your coach or manager who have an
obligation and responsibility to help
• Swimming Australia’s Athlete Well-being Officer
• Search online for alcohol and other drug or young
people-based help and information services in your
area
• For further information about alcohol and its effects
visit http://www.alcohol.gov.au/
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Feedback
Please take a few minutes to write down your thoughts
on this session on the Feedback Sheet provided.
You don’t have to put your name on the sheet.
Thank You
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Prepared by Karina Hickey and Annie Bleeker