Transcript Alcohol - Images

Alcohol
• Alcohol is a drug that is produced by a
chemical reaction in fruits, vegetables, and
grains
– Alcohol is created when grains, fruits, or
vegetables are fermented. Fermentation is a
process that uses yeast or bacteria to change
the sugars in the food into alcohol. Fermentation
is used to produce many necessary items —
everything from cheese to medications. Alcohol
has different forms and can be used as a
cleaner, an antiseptic, or a sedative.
Alcohol
• How much alcohol do teens use?
– Alcohol is the most frequently used drug by
teenagers in the United States.
– About half of junior high and senior high
school students drink alcohol on a monthly
basis, and 14% of teens have been
intoxicated at least once in the past year.
– Nearly 8% of teens who drink say they drink
at least five or more alcoholic drinks in a row
(binge drink).
Alcohol
• Alcohol is a depressant
• Alcohol slows down the functions of the
brain
Alcohol
• Alcohol and the individual
– Body Size
• The same amount of alcohol has different effects on people
depending on their body size
– Gender
• Alcohol moves through the bloodstream of females faster than
males
– Time Frame
• Rapid drinking inhibits the body’s ability to break down the alcohol
– Amount
• Drinking large quantities of alcohol causes levels in the
bloodstream to rise, if the levels get too high alcohol poisoning can
occur
– Food
• Food in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol into the
bloodstream
– Medicine
• Alcohol can interfere with medication
Alcohol
• Blood Alcohol Concentration
– BAC
– The amount of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream
– One standard drink of alcohol will increase the
average person's BAC roughly 0.02% to 0.05% and
would return to 0% about 1.5 to 3 hours later
– BAC rating of 0.20% represents very serious
intoxication (most first-time drinkers would be
unconscious by about 0.15%), and 0.35%–0.40%
represents potentially fatal alcohol poisoning
– The legal limit BAC in Texas is .08
Alcohol
• Intoxication means physically and mentally
impaired by the use of alcohol
• Binge Drinking is the consumption of
several alcoholic drinks in a short amount
of time
Alcohol
Body System
Short Term Effects
Long Term Effects
Digestive System
Breath smells like
alcohol
Possible bleeding of
esophagus
Heart & Blood Vessels
Sweating Increases
Damage to heart,
blood vessels become
less flexible
Brain & Nervous
System
Speech is slurred,
blurred vision,
difficulty walking
Brain cells destroyed,
hands & feet go numb
Liver
Changes alcohol to
H2O and CO2
Scarring & destruction
of liver
Stomach & Pancreas
Stomach acids
increase leading to
nausea & vomiting
Ulcers
Alcohol
• Sequence of alcohol affecting the brain is:
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Judgment
Inhibitions
Reaction time
Coordination
Vision
Speech
Balance
Walking
Standing
Consciousness
Breathing
Heartbeat
Life
Alcohol
• Alcohol Statistics
– Almost half of traffic deaths of people under
the age of 25 involve alcohol
– ¼ of violent crimes committed by teens
involve alcohol
– Between 1/3 and 2/3 of domestics violence
cases involve alcohol
– 14 million Americans have physical, social,
and psychological problems related to alcohol
Alcohol
• Alcoholism is a progressive
chronic disease involving
mental and physical need
for alcohol
• Psychological Addiction the
mind sends the body a
message that it needs
more and more
• Physical Addiction the body
develops a direct need for
the drug
Alcohol
• Stages of Alcoholism:
– Person starts using alcohol to relieve stress or
relax. Soon the person needs alcohol to cope
with daily life.
– The person continues to drink and the body
develops a need for more and more alcohol.
The drinker may be absent from obligations.
– The problem becomes clear to other people.
Drinking is out of control
Alcohol
• Steps to Recovery
–Admit there is a problem
–Detox
–Counseling
–Recovery
Alcohol
• In an average month 9 million teens drink
alcohol
• Among 8th graders 8 in 1000 drink
everyday
• 1 in 4 families in the US is affected by
alcoholism
Alcohol
• Reasons to Refuse Alcohol
– It is Illegal
– Interferes with activities
– Disappoints those around you
– Do things you normally wouldn’t do
– Harms your health