Transcript lecture_text_chapter19

Chapter 19
The Progressive Era,
1900-1917
Organizing for Change
• Spearheads of Reform: The Settlement
Houses
– Hull House
• 1st settlement house in Chicago
Organizing for Change
• Women and Reform
– The New Woman
– Women increasing control over their lives in
regard to the birth rate
– Muller v. Oregon (1908)
– Woman Suffrage
• Moral Reform
– Prohibition
– Mann Act
Organizing for Change
• Racial Issues
– Usually more remote than other issues
– Lynching
– Niagara Movement
– NAACP
• Challenging Capitalism: Socialists and
Wobblies
– Eugene V. Debs
– IWW
The Reform of Politics and the
Politics of Reform
• Exposing Corruption: The Muckrakers
– Journalists played an important role in
preparing the ground for reform
• McClure’s Magazine
– Pure Food and Drug Act
– Meat Inspection Act
• Reforming City Government
– Honest and efficient
The Reform of Politics and the
Politics of Reform
• Reforming State Government
– Robert M. LaFollette
– Direct primary
– Merit system
• The Weakening of Parties and Rise of
Organized Interest Groups
– Oregon System
Roosevelt, Taft, and
Republican Progressivism
• Roosevelt: Asserting the Power of the
Presidency
– Saw political office as a duty he owed the
nation
– Trustbusting
• The Square Deal in Action: Federal
Economic Regulation
Roosevelt, Taft, and
Republican Progressivism
• Regulating Natural Resources
– TR established 5 national parks
• 50 wildlife preserves
– Strongly supported National Reclamation Act
of 1902
• Taft’s Troubles
– More restrained than Roosevelt
– Republican Party split
“Carry a Big Stick”:
Roosevelt, Taft, and World Affairs
• Taking Panama
– Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1904)
– Canal completed in 1914
• Making the Caribbean an American Lake
– Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
– Taft & Wilson continued to expand
Roosevelt’s policy
“Carry a Big Stick”:
Roosevelt, Taft, and World Affairs
• Roosevelt and Eastern Asia
– Roosevelt built on the:
• Open Door Notes
• American participation against the Boxers
– Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)
– Gentleman’s Agreement (1907)
Wilson and Democratic
Progressivism
• Debating the Future: The Election of 1912
– Republicans plagued by division & economic
downturn
– Roosevelt ran as the Progressive Party’s
candidate
– Woodrow Wilson won presidency
– Democrats won Congress
Wilson and Democratic
Progressivism
• Wilson and Reform, 1913 to 1916
– Wilson believed in active role for president in
policymaking
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Underwood Act
Federal Reserve System
Clayton Antitrust Act
Federal Trade Commission Act
Progressivism in Perspective
• Transformation of American Politics and
Government
– Roosevelt & Wilson asserted presidential
authority
• Americans came to expect domestic policy to flow
from the White House
– Reforms rarely fulfilled all the expectations of
their proponents.
Wilson and Democratic
Progressivism
• Another Round of Reform and the Election
of 1916
Progressivism in Perspective
• The Transformation of American Politics
and Government