Transcript CH-10 - Sierra College Administration of Justice Department

AJ 50 – Introduction to
Administration of Justice
Chapter 10 –
Probation, Parole, and
Community Corrections
Probation and Parole
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Probation
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Parole
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Suspended sentence
Conditional freedom from incarceration dependent upon
adherence to specific terms
Most common form of criminal sentencing in United States
58% of those convicted on some type of Probation
Conditional release from prison at the discretion of the
Parole Board before expiration of complete sentence
Dependent upon meeting conditions of parole
Prisoner Re-entry
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Managed return of parolee to the community
Conditions of Probation & Parole
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General and specific limitations imposed on
convicted person/parolee
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Revocation
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Based on statutes
May be individualized
Removal of probationer or parolee from conditional-freedom
status
Usually due to violation of terms and conditions
Restitution
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Court-required repayment of money or services
To victim, victim’s family, community
Pros and Cons
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Advantages
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Lower costs
Employment
Restitution
Community Support and
Services
Reduced Criminal
Socialization
Opportunity for
Rehabilitation
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Disadvantages
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Relative or Perceived
Lack of Punishment
Increased Risk to
Community
Increased Social Costs
to Community
Aspects of the Job
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Probation Officer = County
Parole Officer = State
Similarities in duties and responsibilities
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Pre-Sentence Investigations
Intake Procedures
Diagnosis and Needs Assessment
Supervision of Client
Stresses of the Job
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Caseload
Paperwork and Deadlines
Intermediate Sanctions
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Split Sentencing
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Shock Probation/Parole
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Surprise release from confinement after application
Shock Incarceration
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Specific confinement followed by probation
“Boot Camp” style of confinement
Mixed Sentencing
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Combination of “weekends” and probation
Intermediate Sanctions (continued)
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Community Service
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Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS)
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Required frequent face-to-face contacts
Home Confinement
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Required public service/work for public agency
“House Arrest”, ordered to stay in own home
Remote Location Monitoring
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Electronic “bracelet” used to track offenders
Recidivism
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The repetition of criminal behavior
Statistics vary based on number of repeat…
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Violations
Arrests
Convictions
Sentences
About 60% - 80% of prisoners return to prison
within 3 years
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50% are for parole violations
SVORI (DOJ – 2003)
Serious Violent Offender Reentry Initiative
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Three Phases
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Protect & Prepare – Institutional Programs
Control & Restore – Community Transition
Sustain & Support – Long-Term Community Support
Strategies for Success
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Vocational Training/Work-Release Programs
Drug Treatment Programs
Halfway Houses