Transcript Chapter 15
Substance Abuse Treatment PROFILE OF A DRUG ABUSER MOST PEOPLE IN TREATMENT ARE BETWEEN 18-25 YEARS OF AGE MANY DRUG ABUSERS SUFFER FROM MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS 30-40% OF DRUG ABUSERS ARE HOMELESS THOSE IN TREATMENT USE MULTIPLE DRUGS BENEFITS OF DRUG TREATMENT LESS EXPENSIVE THAN INCARCERATION ILLICIT DRUG USE IS REDUCED CRIMINAL ACTIVITY DECLINES MORE STABLE EMPLOYMENT REDUCED TRANSMISSION OF BLOODBORNE INFECTIONS Components to Treatment 1. Detoxification 2. Counseling 3. Support Groups DETOXIFICATION THE GOAL OF DETOXIFICATION IS SAFE WITHDRAWAL ANOTHER GOAL FOR DETOXIFICATION IS PROVIDING FOR A HUMANE WITHDRAWAL DETOXIFICATION SHOULD PREPARE THE CLIENT FOR ONGOING TREATMENT COUNSELING AFTER DETOXIFICATION IT IS CRITICAL FOR THE CLIENT TO BE COUNSELED TO BEGIN TO DEAL WITH THE ISSUES THAT WERE CENTRAL TO USING DRUGS AS A COPING MECHANISM SUPPORT GROUPS SUPPORT GROUPS ARE IMPORTANT TO ASSIST THE CLIENT TO STAY CLEAN AND SOBER TREATMENT ISSUES VOLUNTARY VERSUS COMPULSORY TREATMENT MATCHING PATIENTS AND TREATMENT TREATING ADOLESCENT DRUG ABUSERS PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH TREATMENT CLIENT RESISTANCE TO TREATMENT COMMUNITY RESISTANCE CLIENT PREFERS CONTINUING DRUG USE RELAPSE PERSONEL RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION TREATMENT PROGRAMS METHADONE MAINTENANCE THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES OUTPATIENT TREATMENT INPATIENT TREATMENT SELF-HELP GROUPS METHADONE MAINTENANCE METHADONE IS A SYNTHETIC DRUG THAT ELIMINATES WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS FROM OPIATES AND PREVENTS AN OPIATE ADDICT FROM EXPERIENCING EUPHORIA METHADONE MAINTENANCE IS EFFECTIVE ONLY FOR HEROIN METHADONE MAINTENANCE THE DEMAND FOR METHADONE MAINTENANCE IS HIGH WAITING LISTS FOR METHDONE MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS CAN BE UP TO ONE YEAR THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES (TC) ARE DRUGFREE RESIDENTIAL SETTINGS WHERE ABUSERS RESIDE FOR 1-2 YEARS TCs STRESS GROUP INTERVENTION TECHNIQUES AND LIFE IN A TC IS VERY STRUCTURED WITH CLIENTS BEING GIVEN CHORES (HENCE COMMUNITY) THE BIGGEST PROBLEM IN TCs IS THE HIGH DROPOUT RATE OUTPATIENT TREATMENT OUTPATIENT TREATMENT INCLUDES COUNSELING, GROUP THERAPY, VOCATIONAL/EDUCATIONAL SERVICES INPATIENT TREATMENT INPATIENT TREATMENT ARE HOSPITAL BASED INPATENT TREATMENT HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE NO MORE EFFECTIVE THAN INTENSIVE OUTPATIENT TREATMENT SELF-HELP GROUPS SELF-HELP GROUPS HELP PEOPLE TO STAY CLEAN AND SOBER EXAMPLES INCLUDE ALCOHOLIC ANONYMOUS ALCOHOLIC ANYONMOUS IS A POPULAR SELF-HELP GROUP THAT FOLLOWS A 12 STEP MODEL REASONS FOR NOT SEEKING TREATMENT UNAVAILABILITY OF FACILITIES COST OF TREATMENT STIGMATIZATION FACILITY PHILOSOPHY SOME PREFER DRUG USE FEAR OF BECOMING KNOWN TO LAW ENFORCEMENT FACTORS THAT PREVENT DRUG RELAPSE Marriage Steady Employment Compulsory Supervision New Relationships Belonging to a Desirable Group A Substitute Dependency ALCOHOL TREATMENT ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS MODERATE DRINKING DISULFIRAM NALTREXONE ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS THE MAIN FOCUS OF THE 12 STEP MODEL IS THAT A PERON ADMITS TO BEING POWERLESS OVER ALCOHOL AND CANNOT OVERCOME ALCOHOLISM WITHOUT ASSISTANCE FROM A HIGHER POWER (RELIGIOUS CONVICTION IS IMPORTANT) THE ONLY REQUIREMENT FOR AA IS THE DESIRE TO STOP DRINKING MODERATE DRINKING MODERATE DRINKING IS A CONTROLLED DRINKING APPROACH WHEREBY THE ALCOHOLIC CAN RESUME DRINKING IN A MODERATE WAY AN EXAMPLE OF MODERATE DRINKING INCLUDES MODERATION MANAGEMENT (MM) DISULFIRAM (ANTABUSE) DILSULFIRAM (ANTABUSE) IS A DRUG THAT WHEN TAKEN ACTS AS AN ADVERSIVE AGENT BY INTERACTING WITH ALCOHOL IN SUCH A WAY THAT THE DRINKER BECOMES VIOLENTLY ILL WHEN HE/SHE COMSUMES ALCOHOL NALTREXONE NALTREXONE TRADITIONALLY IS USED TO BLOCK THE EFFECTS OF OPIATES BUT HAS BEEN SHOWN EFFECTIVE IN ALCOHOL TREATMENT Summary Most people in treatment are between 18-25 years of age Substance abuse treatment has documented benefits Detoxifcation, counseling, and support groups are key elements to treatment There are a wide variety of treatment options available The more structure to one’s life relapse is less likely