Transcript Biotechnology Test Review

Biotechnology Test Review
Quick Vocab Review
describe each of the following terms:
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Biotechnology
Artificial selection
Natural selection
Cloning
Genetic modification
Transgenic organism
GMO
Quick Vocab Review
describe each of the following terms:
Biotechnology – using living organisms or processes to make products
or solve a problem.
Artificial selection – breeding crops/livestock based on desirable
traits in the parents. (Man determines the outcome, not the
environment) Examples: dogs, corn, Mendel’s peas
Natural selection – environment selects the desired traits that lead to
organism survival
Cloning – creating exact genetic copy of an organism
Genetic modification – transferring a gene from one species into the
DNA of a different species. Ex: GLOfish!
Transgenic organism – organism created using genetic modification
GMO – same as a transgenic organism
3 Branches of Biotechnology and how
are they used in our lives
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3 Branches of Biotechnology and how
are they used in our lives
1 Medical. Used in genetic testing, cloning, tissue
culture, creation of vaccines and medicines,
forensics, gene therapy
2 Microbiology. Using microbes to clean waste (oil,
toxic, landfill), make foods, create industrial
products (cleaners)
3 Agriculture. Selectively breeding livestock and
crops, genetic mod. of crops to increase nutrition,
crop yield, reduce necessity of pesticides and
herbicides
Match the use with the biotech activity
1. Breeding champion hunting dogs
A. Gene therapy
2. Creating bladders & heart valves
using patients’ cells
B. Genetic Modification
C. Tissue culture
3. Transferring a gene for resistance
to weed killers into corn DNA
4. Using modified viruses to treat
cancer
5. Mapping patient DNA to test for
disease markers
D. Artificial Selection (Selective
Breeding)
E. Genetic Testing
Match the use with the biotech activity
1. Breeding champion hunting dogs
D. Artificial Selection (Selective Breeding)
2. Creating bladders & heart valves using patients’ cells
C. Tissue Culture
3. Transferring a gene for resistance to weed killers into corn DNA
B. Genetic Modification
4. Using modified viruses to treat cancer
A. Gene therapy
5. Mapping patient DNA to test for disease markers
E. Genetic Testing
What is North Carolina’s role in the
Biotechnology Industry?
What is North Carolina’s role in the
Biotechnology Industry?
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Research Triangle Park
Region in NC committed to the development and
advancement of biotech.
Goal was to become a world leader.
Business works in partnerships with major
universities in the area (UNC, Duke, Wake Forest,
NC State).
Creates high tech, well paying jobs for the state
Pros/Cons
What are some concerns related to GMO
crops?
Pros/Cons
What are some concerns related to GMO crops?
• Creation of resistant weeds and insects (Super
Weeds)
• Potential allergic reactions in human population
because GMO foods are not labeled.
• Accidental breeding of modified crops with non-GMO
members of the same species may have negative
affects on ecosystems.
• Loss of biodiversity in ecosystems
• Harm to non-target organisms. Ex: chemicals toxic to
caterpillars but not humans may also kill beneficial
insects like pollinators.
Pros/Cons
What are some benefits related to GMO
crops?
Pros/Cons
What are some benefits related to GMO
crops?
• Less use of herbicides and pesticides
• Protection of ground water from chemical runoff
b/c farmers use fewer chemicals
• More nutritious food (Ex: vitamin enriched
bananas and rice)
• Higher yields. Farmers can grow more crops on
less land to feed growing world population. Helps
eliminate food shortages
• Economic benefits to farmers
Which of these careers involve
biotechnology?
Architect
Medical researcher
Agricultural research
Drug manufacture
Computer design
Accountants
Geologist
Tissue culture technician
Which of these careers involve
biotechnology?
Architect
Medical researcher
Agricultural research
Drug manufacture
Computer design
Accountants
Geologist
Tissue culture technician
Match the examples of biotechnology with the branch involved
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Oil clean up of Deep Water Horizon
spill
Genetic Modification of polio virus
to treat brain tumors
Genetic Modification of bananas to
increase beta carotene (vitamin A)
content
Using DNA testing to eliminate
someone as a suspect in a crime
Creating vaccines using tobacco leaf
tissue
Using microbes to create cheese &
yogurt
Using radiation “eating” bacteria to
clean up nuclear waste
Selectively breeding turkeys to have
larger breasts
Genetic Modification of papayas to
resist viruses.
A. Medical
B. Microbiology
C. Agricultural
Match the examples of biotechnology with the branch involved
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Oil clean up of Deep Water Horizon
spill B
Genetic Modification of polio virus
to treat brain tumors A
Genetic Modification of bananas to
increase beta carotene (vitamin A)
content C
Using DNA testing to eliminate
someone as a suspect in a crime B
Creating vaccines using tobacco leaf
tissue A
Using microbes to create cheese &
yogurt B
Using radiation “eating” bacteria to
clean up nuclear waste B
Selectively breeding turkeys to have
larger breasts C
Genetic Modification of papayas to
resist viruses. C
A. Medical
B. Microbiology
C. Agricultural
What are ethics and what is their role
in the biotechnology industry?