Transcript Teddy Roosevelt & The Progressive Era

Theodore Roosevelt &
the Progressives
TR’s First Term
Social Reforms
TR’s Second Term
Progressive Movement (p.657)
• Not Radical Reform, preserve the system
– But solve problems of industrialization
• Optimistic about improving life: progress
• Problems: big business, labor, social welfare, the
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city, consumer protection
Social science expert: “investigate, educate, and
legislate.” Use gov power to reform.
The community over the individual
Paternalistic, social purity (Protestant roots)
Change environment-change individual
TR’s First Term:1901-1904
• McKinley’s Assassination: TR only 42
• TR’s background:
• Changed the Presidency: Bully Pulpit,
– Increased power & influence of executive
• Booker T Washington visits White House
• “Trust Buster:” Good & Bad Trusts; ICC &
– Antitrust; Northern Securities, Standard Oil busted up
• Coal Strike 1902: negotiates, threatens, resolves
• “Square Deal:” Gov. intermediary between
– Business and unions; protect Individual
1904 Campaign Buttons
Roosevelt Family
TR with John Muir in Yosemite
Social Reforms: Women
• Women active; form (professional) groups
– Women can purify, uplift the nation (p.660)
• Social Justice Movement: social workers
• Woman’s Suffrage: 19th Amendment 1920
– National American Woman’s Suffrage Ass.
• Temperance: 18th Amendment 1919
– Woman’s Christian Temperance Union
• Prostitution: Mann Act
• Woman’s Labor: Muller v. Oregon
– Louis Brandies
Patent Medicines
Patent Medicines
Patent Medicines
TR’s Second Term: 1904-1908
• TR wins reelection against Parker & Debbs
• Brownsville Riots: TR discharges blacks
• Railroad Regulation: ICC strengthened
Elkins Act, Hepburn Act of 1906
• The Jungle: Meat Inspection Act
• Food and Drug Administration:
– Samuel Hopkins Adams
• Conservation: national forests, John Muir,
– TR raises national preserves to 190 m acres
– Created 5 national parks