Pathogen reduction HACCP
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Transcript Pathogen reduction HACCP
John R. Ragan, DVM
Livestock Program Leader
USDA, FSIS
Animal Production Food Safety
Food Safety
A Subject Whose Time
Has Come
Pathogen Reduction:
Hazard Analysis and Critical
Control Point (HACCP) Systems
Final Rule
Published
July 25, 1996
Pathogen Reduction/HACCP
Rule and Animal Production
January 26, 1998
75-80% of food animals
January 25, 1999
90-95% of food animals
January 25, 2000
100% of food animals
The Seven HACCP Principles
Conduct a hazard analysis
Identify Critical Control Points
Establish limits for each Critical
Control Point
Establish corrective actions
Establish recordkeeping procedures
Establish procedures for verifying that the
HACCP system is working as intended
Why Was HACCP Adopted?
First major change in almost 100 years
Need to reduce risks of foodborne
illnesses from meat, poultry and
egg products
HACCP accepted as science-based
preventive risk reduction system
Why Was HACCP Adopted?
Focus on Foodborne Illnesses
Salmonella
E. coli O157:H7
Campylobacter
Listeria
Pathogen Reduction/HACCP
Final Rule
Slaughter and processing plants
must assume more practical
responsibility for food safety
Pathogen Reduction/HACCP
Rule Part 417.2(a)
Plants must conduct a hazard
analysis “to determine the food
safety hazards reasonably likely to
occur before, during and after entry
into the establishment”
Pathogen Reduction/HACCP
Final Rule
“Those in control of each segment
must bear the responsibility
for identifying and preventing or
reducing food safety hazards.”
1996 Rule, Background
Farm to Table Food Safety
Animal Production (farm to slaughter)
Slaughter and Processing Plants
Post-Processing Transportation
Wholesale and Retail Stores
Food Service
Consumer Education
Impact of PR/HACCP Rule on
Animal Production Systems
Packers will need more
information on incoming
animals for their HACCP plan.
Slaughter Plant Residue Control
Process
Evaluate significant residue hazards of
incoming animals purchased
Develop HACCP plan for residue
control
Determine information needed from
animal suppliers
Slaughter Plant Residue Control
Options for Incoming Animals
Reject animals with a high risk of
violative residues
Clearly define purchase criteria
Buy only from suppliers quality
assurance certified
Slaughter Plant Residue Control
Options for Incoming Animals
Refuse to purchase from suppliers with
past residue violations
Require written assurances or letters of
guarantee of no adulteration
Have drug or pesticide use records
available
Slaughter Plant Residue Control
Options for Incoming Animals
Periodically test animals or carcasses
for residues
Obtain verification of proper drug or
pesticide use
High Risk Classes for Violative
(Illegal) Drug Residues
Bob veal (3 weeks, 150 lbs.)
Culled cows and bulls
Culled boars and sows
Roaster pigs
Hospital pen clean-outs
Residue Avoidance
Drugs Prohibited in Food Animals
Clenbuterol
Diethylstilbestrol
Furazolidone parentally
Nitrofurazone parentally
Dimetridazole
Ipronidazole, nitroimidazoles
Model Pathogen Reduction
Project
Has known live animal risk
management control points
Has diagnostic tests to validate the
system
Has a reliable audited process
Can be verified and validated
Animal Production Food Safety
(APFS) in FSIS, USDA
Voluntary - no legal authority over
animals on farm
Information, Education, Collaboration
Government, Industry, Academia
Partnerships
Response to HACCP Impact on
Food Animal Production
Determine specific food safety needs
of purchasers
Define requirements in costeffective practices
Response to HACCP Impact on
Food Animal Production
Determine where information
gaps exist
Focus and support research to
provide solutions
Response to HACCP Impact on
Food Animal Production
Develop awareness of needed
practice changes
Expedite information transfer to
producers
Response to HACCP Impact on
Food Animal Production
Encourage participation in QAPs
Encourage inclusion of appropriate
food safety elements in QAPs
Quality Assurance Programs
Voluntary
Industry created guidelines
Use of good production practices
Third party certification
Importance of Quality
Assurance Certification
Promotes animal health and food safety
Ensures proper drug and antibiotic use
Provides records to assure purchasers
of good production practices
Importance of Verified Quality
Assurance Programs
Provide added assurances to purchasers
Provide documentation to support
branded products and international
markets
Milk and Dairy Beef Quality
Assurance Program
Food Safety Control Points
Valid veterinary/client/patient
relationship for drug use
and health
Storing and administering drugs
Milk drug screening tests
Milk and Dairy Beef Quality
Assurance Program
Certification by veterinarians is an
educational process
Dairy Biosecurity Practices
QPC #1: Quality, profitability and
keeping pathogens out improved
productivity
QPC #2: Best management
practices for keeping
infectious disease off the farm
QPC #3: Use of strategic vaccinations
Dairy Biosecurity Practices
QPC #4: Calf management
QPC #5: Diagnostic testing for Johne’s
BVD, Contagious Mastitis, Salmonella
typhimurium and dublin and
Bovine Leukosis
QPC #6: Biocontainment to
control enteric, reproductive and
respiratory pathogens
Dairy Biosecurity Practices
QPC #7: Equipment Best Management
Practices for manure disposal,
feeding, etc.
QPC #8: Sanitation Best
Management Practices for
all stages of production
Pork Quality Assurance
Certification Program
Level I
Food safety and HACCP awareness
FDA animal drug use compliance
policy guide explained
Current regulatory
systems included
Level II: Educational self test
Pork Quality Assurance
Certification Program
Level III: Veterinarian Assisted
10 Good Production practices Defined
1 to 6: Residue avoidance practices
7 to 9: Animal health, care and feeding
10: Complete checklist annually
Recertify every two years
Beef Quality Assurance
Certification Program
Guidelines for proper animal health
product use
Awareness of feed ingredients
and potential residues
Total Quality Management
education
Tailored State by State
Key State Partners in Animal
Production Food Safety
State veterinarians and State
Department of Agriculture officials
Local Federal Agency representatives of
USDA and HHS
Universities - Research, Education,
and Extension
Key State Partners in Animal
Production Food Safety
Food Animal Producers
Veterinarians in private practice
State public health officials
FSIS District Managers
Markets, Dealers, Transporters
Consumer Representatives
USDA
Producers
Packers
Livestock
Markets
Veterinarians
FDA
State
Partnerships
EPA
Universities
State Public
Health
Extension
State
Agriculture
Consumers
State APFS Partnerships
Vermont
ND
WA
SD
OR
WI
MI
NY
NE
NV
UT
IL IN OH
CO
PA
MO
New Jersey
CA
MS AL
SC
TX
FL
Basic HACCP Compatible
Practices
Animal or premises identification
Management and health records
Proper, documented use of biologics,
antibiotics, and other drugs
Breeder Culling Plan
Feed and Water Quality/Safety
Basic HACCP Compatible
Practices
Good general sanitation
Animal waste management
Appropriate dead animal disposal
Quality Assurance Program
participation
Veterinarians in the
HACCP Era
Make the connection
Animal health
Food Safety
Productivity-profitability
Work through HACCP-phobia
Be familiar with HACCP principles
Relate principles to production practices
Veterinarians in the
HACCP Era
Credible information source
QAP verification
Health-safety certification
Local food safety team
What Do Your
Clients Produce?
Food
Food Safety’s Greatest Need
Information
Productivity
(Value)
Food Safety
Animal
Health
Good Management
Quality Assurance Program
Animal Identification
Production Treatment Records
Proper Drug Use
Feed Quality & Safety
Culling Practices
General Sanitation
Waste Management
Virtual University
College of Animal
Production Food Safety
Summary
Food animal producers who follow
good production practices and are
Quality Assurance Program Certified
will be able to meet food safety
demands in the HACCP era