History of Treatment
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Transcript History of Treatment
Chapter 17: Therapy
Overview and
History
Definition of treatment
When is treatment
necessary?
Inpatient vs.
outpatient
Psychotherapy vs.
biomedical
History of Treatment
Prior
to 1700’s
Cause
of mental illness was possession
by evil spirits or imbalance of body
chemicals
Treatment included trephining, bleeding,
or torture.
History of Treatment
Pre-scientific treatment
History of Treatment
Pre-scientific treatment
Reform movement
•
1700 – 1900
People
with psychological disorders are
"madmen" who should be caged in
order to protect society.
Anyone undesirable - criminals, lepers,
old people, and the mentally ill - was
confined in asylums.
Dungeons with horrible conditions.
Reform Movement
Reform Movement
Philippe Pinel
–
–
Called for improved
treatment of the insane
Madness was a sickness
caused by distress and
inhumane conditions
Reform Movement
Dorthea Dix
–
–
Worked to improve
conditions In mental
hospitals
Called for the building
of “hospitals” to
replace insane
asylums.
Trenton
Mental
Hospital
Trenton, NJ
Modern Therapy
The
reforms of Pinel and Dix led to
the modern medical model.
Modern Therapy
The
–
–
Medical Model
“Madness” is a mental illness that can be
diagnosed, treated, and cured
Has links to modern insights into genetic
causes of disorders and modern
biomedical treatments
Modern Therapy
The
Bio-Psycho-Social Model
Behavior is the result of interaction
between nature and nurture
– To attribute a disorder to “illness” is to
say that the cause is purely internal
–
Modern Therapy
Two
–
approaches:
Psychotherapy
A planned,
emotionally charged
interaction between a trained, socially
sanctioned healer and the sufferer
Modern Therapy
Two
–
approaches:
Biomedical Therapy
Drug
therapies and medical procedures
designed to cure the mental illness
Modern Therapy
Psychotherapies:
Over 250 types of psychotherapies
exist
– The most influential:
–
Psychoanalysis
Humanistic
}
Therapy
Cognitive Therapy
Behavior Therapy
Insight
Therapy
Modern Therapy
Biomedical
Treatments:
Drug Therapy
– Electro-convulsive shock therapy
– Psychosurgery
–
Psychosurgery
What
is a lobotomy?
Modern Therapy