Transcript Psych 300 INTRO WTG 2002

Behavioral Science
Faculty (in order of appearance):
William Greenough: Course Director
James Black, Psychiatry
Brian Ross, Psychology
Donna Korol, Psychology, Medicine
Sarah Mangelsdorf, Psychology
Mike Wilson, Teaching Assistant
Course Objectives: Bases
•Many of the greatest health risk factors today
are behavioral
•Self-injurious behaviors such as smoking,
alcohol and drug abuse, poor dietary and
exercise habits, constitute the largest
controllable risk factors for mortality
•Psychiatric disorders major cause of disability
•Behavior can put others at risk (e.g., ARND)
Course Objectives: Bases
•Other behavioral issues
• Compliance (taking medicine or following
medical advice)
• Sexual function (taking a sexual history)
• Is my child “normal”?
• Stress-related or affected disorders
• Lifestyle (Tobacco, Diet, Exercise, Alcohol)
Source: S. E. Taylor, Health Psychology (5th Edition), Mc Graw-Hill, 2003
Source: S. E. Taylor, Health Psychology (5th Edition), Mc Graw-Hill, 2003
Risk Factors for Leading Causes
of Death in US
• Heart Disease: Tobacco, Obesity, Blood
Pressure, Cholesterol (Diet), Exercise
• Cancer: Tobacco, Improper Diet, Alcohol,
Environmental Exposure
• Stroke: Tobacco, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol,
Exercise
• Accidents: Seat Belts, Alcohol, Home Hazards
• Chronic Lung Disease: Tobacco, Environment
Source: M. McGinnis (1994). The role of behavioral research in National Health Policy, in S. Blumenthal et al.
New Frontiers in Behavioral Medicine: Proceedings of the National Conference. NIH Publications.
Cost of Treatment for Selected
Preventable Conditions
• Heart Disease: Coronary Bypass surgery,
$30,000
• Cancer: Lung Cancer Treatment, $29,000
• Injuries: Quadriplegia (lifetime), $600,000
• Total Annual US Cost of Alcohol Abuse:
$148,021,000,000*
Source: M. McGinnis (1994). The role of behavioral research in National Health Policy, in S. Blumenthal et al.
New Frontiers in Behavioral Medicine: Proceedings of the National Conference. NIH Publications.
*Source:THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE IN THE UNITED STATES,
1992. H. Harwood, D. Fountain, and G. Livermore. Analysis by the Lewin Group. Rockville, MD:
DHHS, NIH, NIDA, OSPC, NIAAA, OPA.
Biomedical Model
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Illnesses arise from somatic causes
Biochemical
Neurophysiological
Psychological and social processes largely
independent of disease processes
Biopsychosocial Model
• Emphasizes health maintenance over
disease
• Biological, Psychological and Social
Factors are all important determinants of
health
• Health maintenance requires addressing
issues at all of these levels
Course Objectives: Basis
• Knowledge of human behavior is a critical
tool of the physician.
• Behavior is a product of the biology of the
individual, physician or patient
• Behavior is not only your primary source of
information about your patients, it is also
your primary tool for restoring or improving
their health
Course Objectives
• To understand behavior and its origins in
the brain
• To begin to understand psychiatric
disorders and their treatment
• To understand basic issues of human
behavior
• To know about development across the
lifespan
Course Objectives
• To prepare for the Behavioral Science
component of Step I of the Boards!