Transcript Tobacco - MeadeHealth10

Tobacco
Ms. Meade
Health 10
TOBACCO
 1st puff you may feel ill; but after just
a few tries, using tobacco is no longer
a choice, because of tobacco’s active
ingredient, nicotine.
 Nicotine has similar effects as cocaine
and heroin.
 Nicotine meets the criteria of a highly
addictive drug- a potent psychoactive
drug that induces euphoria
NICOTINE
 Serves as a re-enforcer of its use in that it
leads to nicotine withdrawal when absent.
 Two very potent issues; it acts as a
stimulant in small doses, then a depressant
in larger doses by inhibiting flow of signals
between nerve cells
 In even larger does, nicotine is a lethal
poison
 Nicotine in the bloodstream acts to make
the smoker feel calm
 Nicotine reaches the brain in 6 seconds.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efkG
u24OxgQ
What's in a Cigarette?
 There are approximately 600 ingredients in
cigarettes.
 When burned, they create more than 4,000
chemicals.
 At least 50 of these chemicals are known to
cause cancer, and many are poisonous.
 Many of these chemicals are also found in
consumer products, but these products
have warning labels.
 While the public is warned about the danger of
the poisons in these consumer products, there is
no such warning for the toxins in tobacco
smoke.
Here are a few of the chemicals in
tobacco smoke, and other places they
are found:
Acetone – found in nail polish remover
Acetic Acid – an ingredient in hair dye
Ammonia – a common household cleaner
Arsenic – used in rat poison
Benzene – found in rubber cement
Butane – used in lighter fluid
Cadmium – active component in battery
acid
 Carbon Monoxide – released in car exhaust
fumes
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Chemicals in tobacco smoke
cont’d
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Formaldehyde – embalming fluid
Hexamine – found in barbecue lighter fluid
Lead – used in batteries
Napthalene – an ingredient in moth balls
Methanol – a main component in rocket fuel
Nicotine – used as insecticide
Tar – material for paving roads
Toluene - used to manufacture paint
Why are all these chemicals put into
the cigarette by the cigarette
company?
 There are many reasons:
 Taste
 To keep the cigarette burning
 The ammonia contributes to the release and
absorption of the nicotine making the cigarette
more addictive
 Reduces some compounds that make the smoke
too harsh.
 The industry makes cigarettes that are
easy to smoke and more attractive to more
people in order to increase the size of the
market.
The following irreversible health
effects have been proven to be associated
with smoking:
(after as few as five years of smoking)
 Retardation in the rate of lung development
and lung function—i.e., decreased lung
reserve—in childhood and adolescent smokers,
as well as a markedly increased risk of
developing COPD.
 Cancer risk: 75 percent of ex-smokers show
DNA changes suggestive of tumor
development; 50 percent or more of lung
cancers are now being diagnosed in exsmokers.
 Circulatory impairment to the heart, brain, and
legs.
 Visual impairment and loss.
Irreversible health effects of smoking
 Vocal-cord polyps (growths) and
hoarseness.
 Bone mineral loss (osteoporosis), hip
fractures, and spinal arthritis.
 Serious health consequences for
children born to smoking mothers.
 Premature facial wrinkling and
graying of the skin after as few as
five years of smoking.
 http://vimeo.com/18040414
Smoking cessation timeline –
the health benefits over time
 In 20 minutes, your blood pressure and pulse rate
decrease, and the body temperature of your hands
and feet increase.
 Carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke reduces the
blood’s ability to carry oxygen. At 8 hours, the
carbon monoxide level in your blood decreases to
normal. With the decrease in carbon monoxide, your
blood oxygen level increases to normal.
 At 24 hours, your risk of having a heart attack
decreases.
 At 48 hours, nerve endings start to regrow and the
ability to smell and taste is enhanced.
Smoking cessation timeline –
the health benefits over time
 Between 2 weeks and 3 months, your circulation
improves, walking becomes easier and you don’t
cough or wheeze as often. Phlegm production
decreases. Within several months, you have
significant improvement in lung function.
 In 1 to 9 months, coughs, sinus congestion, fatigue
and shortness of breath decrease as you continue to
see significant improvement in lung function. Cilia,
tiny hair-like structures that move mucus out of the
lungs, regain normal function.
 In 1 year, risk of coronary heart disease and heart
attack is reduced to half that of a smoker.
 Between 5 and 15 years after quitting, your risk
of having a stroke returns to that of a non-smoker.
Smoking cessation timeline –
the health benefits over time
 In 10 years, your risk of lung cancer drops.
Additionally, your risk of cancer of the mouth, throat,
esophagus, bladder, kidney and pancreas decrease.
Even after a decade of not smoking however, your
risk of lung cancer remains higher than in people who
have never smoked. Your risk of ulcer also decreases.
 In 15 years, your risk of coronary heart disease and
heart attack is similar to that of people who have
never smoked. The risk of death returns to nearly the
level of a non-smoker.