Transcript Cardiovascular Disease

Leading Causes of Death in the US
1. Heart disease: 597,689
2. Cancer: 574,743
3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 138,080
4. Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 129,476
5. Accidents (unintentional injuries): 120,859
6. Alzheimer's disease: 83,494
7. Diabetes: 69,071
8. Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis: 50,476
9.
Influenza and Pneumonia: 50,097
10. Intentional self-harm (suicide): 38,364
Cardiovascular Disease
Statistics
• In the US, heart disease has been the leading cause of death
nearly every year since 1900. Only the flu pandemic of 1918
exceeded heart disease as the country's number one killer.
• If all major forms of heart disease were eradicated, the average
lifespan in the US would be nearly seven years longer.
• Long considered a disease of affluence, cardiovascular disease
is now a major presence in all but the poorest countries,
accounting for twice as many deaths in developing countries as
in industrialized nations.
• The emergence of heart disease in developing countries is
directly attributable to the effects of industrialization and
urbanization.
Cardiovascular Disease
Statistics
• More than two of every five Americans die of cardiovascular
disease.
• One million Americans/year experience a heart attack. About
400,000 of them die.
• Men suffer heart attacks about 10 years earlier in life than
women do.
• About 36 million people in US need drugs to control
cholesterol levels. The statin drug industry (cholesterol
medication) earned $13 billion in 2002.
• Cigarette smoking sends 400,000 Americans to premature
death each year.
Cardiovascular Disease
Types of Heart Disease
A. Congenital Heart Disease
•
Present at birth, genetic or developmental
•
Example: septal defect
B. Cardiac Arrhythmias
•
Abnormal heart rhythm,
related to electrical
conduction problems
•
Example: tachycardia,
atrial fibrillation
Cardiovascular Disease
Types of Heart Disease
C. Cardiac Infection
•
Caused by bacteria or virus
•
Example: myocarditis
D. Valve Diseases/Disorders
•
Valves don’t function properly, blood flows improperly
•
Example: ‘heart murmur’
E. Coronary Artery Disease
•
Problem with cardiac blood supply
•
Example: myocardial infarction
Atherosclerosis
The progressive narrowing and hardening of the arteries over time.
Atherosclerosis
Causes:
Atherosclerosis
Risk Factors:
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis : Coronary Artery Disease
-atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries
Atherosclerosis
Coronary Artery Disease : Heart Attack
Cardiovascular Disease
Common Steps Leading to a Heart Attack
1. Irritant damages arterial
wall
2. Repair process begins
3. Cholesterol builds up at
injury site
Coronary Artery
Disease
4. Plaque builds over time
5. Plaque bursts
6. Blood clots
7. Heart cells die
Heart Attack