Transcript Mod41 Emotions - Moline High School

Theories of Emotions
Module 41
Emotions
 Response that
involves
 Bodily arousal
 Expressive
behaviors
 Conscious
experience
James-Lange Theory
 William James
 Emotional experience occurs after the
bodily change and as a result of it
 Event  Arousal
Emotion
Experiment…
 Number somewhere on a piece of paper 1 – 10
 You will be given instructions about how to hold your
pen.
 You will view and rate how funny 10 cartoons are that
you will be viewing.
 1 = not funny at all
 7 = extremely funny
 You will calculate the mean of your scores.
 Here we go…
Cartoon 1
Cartoon #2
Cartoon #3
Cartoon #4
Cartoon #5
Cartoon #6
Cartoon #7
Slide #8
Cartoon #9
Cartoon #10
James Lange Theory
 Supported by
 Facial feedback hypothesis
 Activity of the facial muscles that create
expressions determines the emotions we
experience
Cannon-Bard Theory
 Bodily reactions do not cause emotional responses
 Bodily reactions and emotional responses occur at the
same time
 Thalamus routes the information
 Event  Thalamus 

Emotions
Arousal
Schachter-Singer (Two Factor) Theory
 Adds a cognitive aspect
 Two factors to emotions
 Factor one: arousal or bodily reaction
 Factor two: cognitive interpretation of this
reaction
 EventArousalCognitive LabelEmotion
Cognitive Appraisal Theory
 Richard Lazarus
 Cognition must happen before the
subjective experience of the emotion
 Our emotional experience depends on our
interpretation of the situation we are in
Opponent-Process Theory
 All emotions are followed by an opposite
emotional reaction
fear is followed by relief
sadness by happiness
 On repeated occasions, the opponent
emotion becomes stronger
 Factor in drug addiction
 Crash Course
Primary Emotions
 Universally recognized
across cultures
 Fear
 Anger
 Joy
 Sadness
 Disgust
 Contempt
 Surprise
 Some theorists include
 Shame, shyness, and guilt
Emotional Expression
 Provides a visible
sign of the internal
feelings an individual
is experiencing




Voice
Posture
Gestures
Facial expressions
Paul Ekman
 Studies emotions and
expressions
 Cross culturally same
specific facial expressions
for various emotions
 Microexpressions
 Used to detect lies
 Microexpressions video
Display Rules
 Culturally accepted learned
guidelines for when and
how emotions can be
expressed in particular
social situations
 Ex. Kissing a cheek as a
greeting
Stress
Module 43 and 44
Stress
 Both physical and
psychological reactions to
stressors
 We appraise them as
threatening or challenging
 How Stress Affects the
Brain
Stressors
 Three types:
 Catastrophes
 Significant life
changes
 Daily hassles
Two Types of Stress
 Hans Selye
 Eustress
 Positive stress
 Accepting challenges –
pursuing goals
 Distress
 Negative stress
 High levels of tension
 Negative side effects
Response to Stress -Hans Selye
 General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
 Stage 1 – Alarm
 Increase activity of sympathetic nervous
system
 Stage 2 – Resistance
 Increase physical reactions
 Stage 3 – Exhaustion
 Body’s internal resources depleted
 Immune system is decreased