Transcript Key Terminology 2

Key Terminology 2
Practicum of Health Science –
Pharmacy Tech Program
 An
unexpected and undesirable effect
caused by a drug; different from a
known side effect.
 Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
 One single, relatively large quantity of
a substance, administered rapidly.
 Bolus
 Severe
or fatal reaction by a patient
to an agent for which the patient has
become extremely sensitized.
 Anaphylactic Shock
 Agent that stops or inhibits the growth
of bacteria (such as erythromycin)
 Bacteriostatic agent
 Procedures
designed to prevent
contamination of drugs, packaging,
equipment, or supplies by
microorganisms during processing.
 Aseptic preparation
 A substance that kills bacteria or
inhibits its growth.
 Antibacterial agent
 Used
to treat cancer by substituting in
or blocking the use of essential
nutrients and enzymes
 antimetabolites
 A drug that is able to kill or inhibit the
growth of bacteria or other
microorganisms.
 antibiotics
 Air
pressure is greater inside of an
enclosed area as compared to
outside of enclosed area. This forces
particulate matter to the outside of the
enclosed area.
 positive air pressure
 An
IV access into one of the major
blood vessels
 central line
 Extraneous undissolved mobile
substances, such as precipitate
present in the parenteral products
 particulate matter
 Occurs
when two or more chemical
substances react and cause a
significant change of one or more of
the substances.
 chemical incompatibility
 A sterile, injectable medication (i.e.
SC, ID, IM, IV)
 parenteral
 Condition
or circumstance that
mandates that a drug should not be
given
 contraindication
 An infection acquired while the patient
is in the hospital or healthcare facility
 nosocomial infection
 When
a drug accumulates in the body
faster than the body can metabolize
or eliminate it
 cumulative effect
 A drug administered for therapeutic
purposes into the body via the
vascular system
 infusion
 Fluids
used to dissolve drugs in solid
form
 diluents
 Two or more drugs mixed together
that cause either a physical, chemical
or therapeutic change in the drug,
and produce undesirable effects
 incompatible
 Long
or short term IV feeding of high
protein, high carbohydrate solutions
to provide a patient’s total nutritional
requirements
 Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
 The substance that is dissolved in a
solution
 solute
 Measure
and documented evidence,
providing a high degree of assurance
that a specific process will
consistently produce a product
meeting its predetermined
specifications and quality attributes
 process validation
 The
complete destruction of
microorganisms by heat or other
method; free of microorganisms.
 sterilization
 The outcome that is expected for a
particular disease, and whether there
is a chance for recovery
 prognosis
 The
substance used to dissolve
another substance (the solute)
 solvent
 The set of activities used to assure
that the process used in the
preparation of sterile drug products
leads to products that meet
predetermined standards of quality
 quality assurance
 Some
drugs are in a powder form
because they are too unstable to be
mixed until ready for use. Mixing the
powder with a liquid is called
 reconstitution
 Under the skin; an injection
administered under the skin
 subcutaneous
 The
set of testing activities used to
determine that the ingredients,
components, and final sterile
pharmaceuticals prepared meet
predetermined requirements with
respect to identity, purity, nonpyrogenicity, and sterility
 Quality Control
 Introduction
of undesired
microorganism or particles
 contamination
 Produced during a single
manufacturing order
 batch
 Undesired effect of a drug
 side effect
 Results
from a poison or a dangerous
amount of a drug
 toxicity
 Invasion by an agent into the body
 infection
 An agent produced by the body in
response to an antigen
 antibody
 An
agent that destroys or inhibits
microorganisms on inanimate objects
 disinfectant
Common Medical Prefixes
 a-;
an without; not
 ante before; forward
 anti against
 bi two;
both
 brady slow
 contra against; opposite
 dys difficult; painful; bad
 en-;
endo inside; within
 epi above
 ex out; outward
 hyper excessive; above
 hypo insufficient;
below
 infra under;
below
 inter between
 intra within
 iso equal;
same
 micro small
 multi many;
 neo new
multiple
 para beside;
near
 per through
 peri around
 poly many;
excessive
 post after,
behind
 pre before
 semi half;
one-half
 sub below;
under

Let’s review some Common Medical
Abbreviations and Acronyms, and
Common Pharmacy Abbreviations