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SOSC 188 Lecture 19 Social Responses to Globalization Prepared By Prof Alvin So 1 The transformation of ideology and social movement Three challenges to Globalization Fundamentalism Environmentalism Localization Prepared By Prof Alvin So 2 The Transformation of ideology and movement Marxism & labor movements in the 19th century Nationalism & communism in the 20th century The decline of Marxism, Labor and communism since the 1980s: Globalization can’t be resisted, TINA (there is no alternatives) Since the late 1990s, new ideology and new antiglobalization movements Prepared By Prof Alvin So 3 (1) Fundamentalism in the third world Terrorist attack, suicide bombing what are they against? President Bush and the US, but also a backlash against globalization Globalization (marketization, market norms become supreme) the bankruptcy of Western morality the West is full of inequality, greed, cheating, drug, family breakdown, divorce, cohabitation, life is meaningless except money pursuits Return to original code of the religious text (purity) Religious teaching in school Prepared By Prof Alvin So 4 (2) Environmentalism Globalization goes after global resources, global labor, global market leading to unbridled resource exploitation (destroying rain forest), wasteful consumption, pollution of air/river and upsetting the ecological imbalance Propose renewable resource use (recycling), return to natural lifestyle (bicycle, not cars) protect the natural environment (Harbor), preserve biodiversity and indigenous community Prepared By Prof Alvin So 5 Sustainable development meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generation Need to bring the state back in Need a global green movements – Pollution knows no state/national boundary Prepared By Prof Alvin So 6 (3) Localization Globalization privileged foreign corporation and external funding (e.g. Disneyland), economy over the society/community Need to bring the community back, stress grass-roots participation Local controls, community empowerment (e.g. Wanchi redevelopment), preserve local heritage, local culture New organizations and new social movementsThe rise of NGOs ( non-government organizations) World Social Forum Prepared By Prof Alvin So 7