Transcript chapter 9
DRUGS ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO DRUGS • ANY SUBSTANCE, OTHER THAN FOOD, THAT HAS AN EFFECT ON THE BODY • PRESCRIPTION DRUG – USUALLY STRONG DRUGS THAT ARE SAFE TO USE ONLY UNDER A DOCTOR’S SUPERVISION • OVER THE COUNTER DRUG (OTC) – DRUGS THAT MAY BE PURCHASED BY ANYONE • DRUG MISUSE – THE IMPROPER USE OF A DRUG • DRUG ABUSE – DELIBERATELY MISUSING DRUGS FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN MEDICAL – 18 – 25 YEAR OLDS HAVE THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE OF DRUG ABUSE • TOLERANCE – THE BODY NEEDS INCREASINGLY LARGER AMOUNTS OF A DRUG TO GET THE SAME EFFECT • DEPENDENCE – UNABLE TO CONTROL DRUG USE • PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE – A STRONG DESIRE OR NEED TO TAKE A DRUG • PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE – THE BODY NEEDS A DRUG TO FUNCTION NORMALLY • WITHDRAWAL – SYMPTOMS THAT OCCUR WHEN A PERSON WHO IS PHYSICALLY DEPENDENT ON A DRUG STOPS TAKING IT – SYMPTOMS INCLUDE: CHILLS, FEVER, VOMITING, CRAMPS, HEADACHES, AND BODY ACHES INHALANTS technically NOT drugs • SLOW DOWN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM • COMMON HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS WHOSE FUMES ARE INHALED • PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE • TOLERANCE BUILDS QUICKLY • DEATH CAN RESULT EVEN THE FIRST TIME IT IS USED DEPRESSANTS DRUGS THAT SLOW DOWN THE ACTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM BARBITURATES AND TRANQUILIZERS • PHSYICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE • WITHDRAWAL SEVERE AND CAN RESULT IN DEATH • TOLERANCE BUILDS QUICKLY TRANQUILIZERS STIMULANTS INCREASE THE ACTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM SPEED CAFFEINE • FOUND IN MANY COMMON PRODUCTS SUCH AS COFFEE, TEA, OTC DIET PILLS, ETC. • MILD STIMULANT AMPHETAMINES • PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE • SIDE EFFECTS – DREAD AND SUSPICION • “UPPERS” COCAINE • INHALED USUALLY BUT CAN BE INJECTED – CAN SEVERELY DAMAGE THE NASAL PASSAGE • PYSCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE CRACK • VERY DANGEROUS FORM OF COCAINE • SMOKED • THE MOST ADDICTIVE DRUG – PEOPLE ARE OFTEN ADDICTED AFTER USING ONCE MARIJUANA MARIJUANA PLANT MARIJUANA • USUALLY SMOKED • THC – CHEMICAL THAT AFFECTS PEOPLE • DISTORTS SENSE OF TIME • AFFECTS SHORT-TERM MEMORY • RESPIRATORY DAMAGE – MORE THAN TOBACCO SMOKE • PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE UNPROCESSED MARIJUANA HALLUCINOGENS • ILLEGAL • ABUSERS CANNOT TELL WHAT IS REAL FROM WHAT IS NOT • MEMORY LOSS • PERSONALITY CHANGE ECSTASY LSD • STRONGEST HALLUCINOGEN • EFFECTS UNPREDICTABLE • BAD TRIPS – NIGHTMARE LIKE PCP • ANGEL DUST • SMOKED, INJECTED, SNIFFED, OR EATEN • CAUSES VIOLENT ACTS PCP OPIATES PAIN KILLING DRUGS GHB HEROIN • ILLEGAL • STRONG PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE • AIDS AND HEPATITIS TRANSMITTED BY SHARING NEEDLES TAR HEROIN MORPHINE, CODEINE, AND PAREGORIC • STRONG PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE • USED BY DOCTORS TO BLOCK PAIN ROHIPNOL ALCOHOL • ABUSE OF ALCOHOL CAN LEAD TO THE DESTRUCTION OF THE LIVER AND BRAIN CELLS • PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE AFFECTS THE BODY • ABSORBED THROUGH THE WALL OF THE STOMACH INTO THE BLOODSTREAM • FOOD SLOWS THE SPEED OF ABSORPTION • IN THE LIVER, ALCOHOL IS CHANGED INTO CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER WHEN IT REACHES THE BRAIN – DEPRESSANT – INITIALLY JUDGEMENT AND SELFCONTROL ARE AFFECTED – SOON SPEECH AND MUSCLE COORDINATION ARE AFFECTED – MORE ALCOHOL CAN LEAD TO TOTAL CONFUSION – UNCONSCIOUSNESS MAY RESULT HEALTH • MODERATE USE DOES NOT CAUSE A PROBLEM • MENTAL DISTURBANCES SUCH AS BLACKOUTS AND HALLUCINATIONS CAN OCCUR WITH PROLONGED USE • IT CAN DAMAGE THE LINING OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE • CANCER OF THE MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS, THROAT, AND LARYNX IS INCREASED • CONTINUED ABUSE CAUSES CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER – SCAR TISSUE IS FORMED DUE TO LIVER DAMAGE – SCAR TISSUE INTERFERES WITH THE LIVER’S ABILITY TO FUNCTION PROPERLY CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER EXCESS CAUSES DAMAGE TO THE LIVER AND THE BRAIN ALCOHOLISM INCURABLE DISEASE IN WHICH A PERSON IS PHYSICALLY AND PSYCHOLOGICALLY DEPENDENT ON ALCOHOL – ALCOHOLIC – SOMEONE WHO SUFFERS FROM ALCOHOLISM – AA (ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS) – ORGANIZATION TO HELP ALCOHOLICS STOP DRINKING • ALATEEN – HELPS CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS • AL-ANON – HELPS THE FAMILY OF ALCOHOLICS TOBACCO • NICOTINE – ADDICTIVE DRUG IN TOBACCO • CIGARETTE SMOKING CAUSES LUNG CANCER, HEART DISEASE, AND RESPIRATORY ILLNESS • NARROWS BLOOD VESSELS – INCREASES BLOOD PRESSURE • SECONDHAND SMOKE IS A DANGER TO NON-SMOKERS • PREGNANT WOMEN WHO SMOKE COULD EFFECT THE HEALTH OF THEIR UNBORN CHILD EFFECTS OF TOBACCO • 4,000 SUBSTANCES PRODUCED FROM CIGARETTE – 60% POISONOUS • NICOTINE ACTS AS A STIMULANT • CARBON MONOXIDE – POISONOUS GAS PRODUCED • TARS – 30 % - IRRITATE AND DAMAGE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM – STICKY SUBSTANCE THAT COATS THE LINING OF THE LUNGS TOBACCO PLANT DISEASE • BRONCHITIS • EMPHYSEMA • LUNG CANCER • HEART DISEASE HEALTY LUNG LUNG CANCER