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Long Island Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc. LICADD 516-747-2606 631-979-1700 1-800-585-5422 www.licadd.org A foreign substance introduced into the body that produces change in normal body functioning Mind and mood altering substances Alcohol Amphetamine Cannabis Hallucinogens Opiates Benzodiazepines Sedatives Stimulants Why do people use drugs? Curiosity Peer pressure Relaxation Anxiety Social acceptance Depression Escape Energy Lose inhibitions Stress from school Relationships (friends) Relationships (romantic) Family pressures and problems Transitions and fitting in Independence (driving) Availability of drugs and alcohol RISK DISAPPROVAL USE Risk Factors for Drug Use and Abuse Family history- predisposition to drug or alcohol problems Close friends who use drugs or alcohol Early first use Diagnosed or undiagnosed depression/other mental health disorders Problems in school/learning disabilities Gateway drugs include alcohol, nicotine and marijuana. Subtle changes in attitudes and related behaviors. Defense mechanisms: denial, rationalization and intellectualization ‘backfire’ and create dysfunction. BI as supplemental therapy Brief intervention: Schools, courts, pediatric clinics, emergency rooms, mental health clinics Intensive Treatment Adapted from Broadening the Base of Alcohol Treatment (IOM) Physical: the body has adapted to the drug and the lack of it will lead to specific withdrawal symptoms. Psychological: a sense of need for a specific substance is felt either for the drugs’ perceived effects, or to avoid the negative effects associated with abstinence. “A disease process characterized by the continued use of a substance despite physical, psychological or social harm.” A disease of the mind (as seen in the DSM-IV-R). Dysfunctional defense mechanisms and lack of healthy coping skills. Young people who begin drinking before age 15 are 4 times more likely to develop alcohol dependence than those who abstain until age 21. CAMY Report, 2007 Each year, approximately 5,000 people under the age of 21 die as a result of underage drinking 1,900 deaths from motor vehicle accidents 1,600 homicides 300 suicides U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, 2007 Alcohol kills 6½ times more teenagers than all illicit drugs. 95% of violent crimes on college campuses are alcoholrelated. High levels of alcohol use interferes with brain development It is illegal for any person over the age of eighteen who owns, rents, or otherwise controls a private residence, to allow the consumption of alcoholic beverages by any minor on the premises This law provides a legal basis for holding adults responsible for knowingly allowing parties for individuals under the age of 21 to occur at a place under their control, whether or not they provide the alcohol. 5 SIGNS 1.Decline in school work and grades 2.Abrupt change in friends, groups, or actions 3.Sleeping habits/abnormal health issues 4.Deteriorating relationships with family 5.Less open and honest Substance abuse is a disease. Left untreated it will progressively get worse. Long Island Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc. (LICADD): www.licadd.org 516-747-2606 or 1-800-585-5422 Alcoholics Anonymous Hotline Nassau County: 516-292-3045 Narcotics Anonymous Nassau County: 516-827-9500