Transcript Lecture_3___Theories_of_SA

Seminar in Counseling
Addictions
ECED 6952
Chapter 3: Etiological Theories
of Substance of Abuse
Dr. Paul F. Hard, LPC-S, NCC
Objectives
•
To provide a brief yet concise anatomical and physiological overview of the brain including
how psychoactive substances change the brain’s neurochemistry.
•
Present research findings, properties, and incidence of use, psychoactive and bodily effects,
and withdrawal symptoms of substances classified as depressants, opiates, stimulants,
hallucinogens, club drugs, inhalants, and anabolic-androgenic steroids.
•
Identify gender differences in substance use including effects on fetuses.
•
Discuss psychoactive agents that are not listed as controlled substances on the DEA’s
Controlled Substances Schedule yet are commonly used, surrounded by controversy, and have
effects, tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms.
•
Establish the need for reliable, long-term studies on cannabis use of different populations in
order to determine physiological, psychological, emotional, and medical outcomes, and to
address the controversy.
•
Define club drugs, its rising popularity, and the risks taken in dose administration.
•
Identify factors contributing to the increased and repeated use of anabolic-androgenic steroids.
Key Terms & Concepts
Etiology
Anon-type treatment
Responsible child
Moral theory
Intergenerational studies
Adjuster
Disease theory
Twin studies
Placater
Genetic theory
Adoption studies
Scapegoat
Systems theory
Genetic markers
Clown
Behavioral theories
Acetaldehyde
Hero
Sociocultural theories
ALDH
Lost child
Biopsychosocial theory
MAO
Mascot
Bill W. & Dr. Bob
Homeostasis
Chemical-aversion
therapy
Jellinek
Triangulation
Social learning theory
12-step program
Boundaries
Situational antecedents
Roles
Coalitions
Stress
dampening
response
Major Etiological Theories
Etiology = cause of the disease
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
MORAL THEORY
DISEASE THEORY
BIOLOGICAL / GENETIC THEORIES
SYSTEMS THEORY
BEHAVIORAL THEORY
SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY
INTEGRATION OF THEORIES
Moral Theory
Disease Theory
The Case of Pam & Sandy
• If both Pam & Sandy have the disease of
alcoholism, when would they be considered
cured?
• If they are not responsible for having the
disease, what are thy responsible for?
Biological & Genetic Theories
Systems Theory
Systems Theory
• How would strengthening family
functioning help to prevent substance aubse
in adolescents?
• What factors could be developed in Leigh’s
family (pp. 103 & 104) to increase her
resiliency and reduce her vulnerability to
substance abuse?
Behavioral Theory
Behavioral Theory
• Marijuana has long been considered a
“gateway drug”. In light of evidence of a
developmental sequence in the evolvement
of substance abuse, what should kids be told
about the dangerousness/non-dangerousness
of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana?
Sociocultural Theory
Sociocultural Theory
• In many homes with substance abuse,
healthy, nurturing relationships are not
modeled for children to learn. How can
individuals coming from such a background
learn other behavior and break the
intergenerational cycle?
Integration of Theories