Transcript Drug Unit - East Penn School District

Unit 7 In Book
Pg. 404-409 & 436-479
Terms P. 404-405
 Define the terms:
DrugResponsible Drug UseDrug MisuseDrug Abuse-
Drug- substance that changes the way the body or mind
functions.
Responsible Drug Use- taking appropriate amounts of a legal
drug for it’s intended medical purpose.
Drug Misuse-taking a legal drug for their intended purpose,
but not correctly.
Drug Abuse- taking a legal drug for reasons other than those
intended or using any controlled substance.
Medicine- drugs that help cure, lessen severity, relieve
symptoms or prevent disease.
Placebo- “sugar pill” psychological
Legal Drug Abuse
p. 407
OTC ( Nonprescription Drugs)- OTC drugs are safe if
used correctly. OTC drugs can be overused, however
both OTC & prescription drugs are given two names:
generic & brand names. Both of these have active &
inactive ingredients.
P. 406
Brand nameGenericTherapeutical Equivilance
Brand vs. Generic
p.406
 Generic must have same active ingredients as
brand name, but has different inactive ingredients.
active- ingredients used to relieve symptoms
and cure illness.
inactive- ingredients put in to add flavor or
coloring, no medicinal purposes.
Examples
Pain Relievers- relieves fever, pain and inflammation.
1. Bayer (Aspirin)- can irritate stomach.
2. Tylenol( Acetaminophen)
3. Advil (Ibuprofen)- can irritate stomach.
Reye’s Syndrome
 Strong link with someone recovering from a viral
illness and the use of aspirin. The rare but often fatal
disease. The victims of this disease are often children
under the age of 15.
 This effects the brain and other internal organs.
Prescription Drugs
p.406
 Taking prescription medication safely requires that
you understand the diagnosis, know what the
medicine is being prescribed for, and follow the
instructions. Follow recommended guidelines for use,
storage, disposal, and replacement of medicines.
Antibiotics- see handout
Define antibiotics
Identify 3 ways bacteria evolve to become
resistant to drugs.
3. What is the primary reason bacteria become
resistant.
4. Give an example of how the widespread of
antibiotics has contributed to the problem of
bacteria becoming resistant. (list 3 reasons)
1.
2.
Factors that Change Medicines’
Effects
 The drug itself
 Form in which you take the drug
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(pill, capsule, liquid, spray,cream)
Route in which the drug is taken
Did you take it with food
Age
Weight
Use of other drugs
Feelings
Their Health
5 Ways Drugs are Taken
p.405
1. Orally- most common
2. Injected- one of the most potent ways
IntramuscularIntravenous3. Inhaled- one of the most potent ways
4. Absorbed
SuppositoryBuccalSublingual5. Implanted
Drug Testing & Safety
- Companies must prove that ingredients in
medicines are safe and effective before the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) allows them to
sell their product.
- Scientists study the risks of each drug compared
with the benefits. Drugs that carry low risks to
health in comparison to their benefits are more
desirable in the treatment of disease.
Controlled Drug- a drug whose possession,
manufacture, distribution, and sale are controlled by
Federal Government.
DEA Resources, For Students
Dosage
Dose- amount taken at one time.
1. Therapeutic- desired results
2. Toxic- poisonious, causes harm
3. Lethal- results in death
4. Overdose- the act of taking a toxic or lethal dose.
Drug Interactions
Antagonistic- reduces/blocks effect
Synergistic- multiplies the effects of the drug
Addiction
p. 458
Physical- the body’s chemistry actually changes, the body
must actually have the drug to be able to function on a
normal level. Physical drug addiction always has a
psychological effect and a strong mental craving.
Psychological- can occur without a physical addiction.
People who never learned to cope with emotional pain
often develop psychological addictions to drugs.
Drug Dependency
p.458
 Symptoms:
 Withdraw Symptoms:
* The most severe drug withdraw symptoms come from
being addicted to Sedative Hypnotics (depressants).
Why do People Abuse Drugs?
** People’s natures affect whether they abuse drugs.
Why Addictions Occur
A. The Nature of the Person
- physical/genetic nature
- curiosity
-peer pressure
-self-esteem
B. The Nature of the Drug
-Euphoria- a sense of great well-being &
pleasure brought on by the drug.
C. The Consequences from Society
- a society or family that tolerates abuse actually
encourages it.
**See The Roots of Addiction Article
**The only sure way to escape drug addiction is
to never experiment with drugs!
Drugs & Codependency
Pg. 460
Explain the following terms:
1. Codependence2. Codependent3. Enabler-
Risk Factors that increase a teen’s risk
of drug abuse
p. 454
Risk Factor- something that increases the likelihood of a
negative outcome.
13 Factors:
Warning Signs of Drug Use
p. 455
Protective Factors that Reduce the Risk
of Drug Use P. 456-457
Protective Factor- Something that increases the
likelihood of a positive outcome.
13 FACTORS:
Patterns of Use/Stages of
Dependency pg. 459
Experimentation
- curiosity
-social events
- often not repeated
2. Desired Effect
- social use
-low risk
1.
3. Tolerance
- certain activities
-used for coping
-high risk
4. Denial
-high doses over time
-habit forming
-dependence developing
5. Drug dependency
- out of control
-dependent
- experiencing withdrawal symptoms
-interferes with family, school, work, etc.
The Impact of Drug dependency on
Society
*** see article
1.
2.
3.
Who else is affected by drug abuse , other than
the drug addict? ( list 4 answers)
In 2002 what was the economic cost of drug
abuse in the US? Does this cost surprise you?
why or why not
What are the two most common & dangerous
diseases that result from sharing needles during
intravenous drug use?
4. Children whose parents & other family members’
abuse drugs are often physically/emotionally
abused and often lack what? ( list 4 things)
5. Explain why businesses are often affected
economically by drug abuse?
6. What are the obvious economic consequences of
methamphetamines?
Treatments pg. 477-478
 Detoxification
 Inpatient Care
 Outpatient Care
 Halfway House
 Recovery Programs
 SAP
 Additional
Drug Classifications p. 436-449
 Narcotics
 Stimulants
 Sedative Hypnotics
 Hallucinogens
 Marijuana
 Inhalants
 Anabolic Steriods
Federal Drug Classifications
 See handout
Controlled Substance Act 1970
Marijuana Pg. 438
 Affects hearing, touch, taste & smell. Can cause
abnormal heart action, low sperm count, lung damage.
 Reactions range from mild euphoria to hallucinations.
 Delta-9 Tatrahydrocannabinol THC- active drug
Inverse- Tolerance Theory
Due to the fact that Marijuana is FAT soluble, the THC
remains in the body a lot longer than any other drug.
Marijuana can remain in the body up to 30 days and
sometimes longer depending on the person. The THC is
stored in the fat and not in the water in the body.
Because of this fact the THC is NOT excreted out of the
body as quickly as other drugs. The theory states that
every time a person inhales marijuana it triggers the THC
that is already stored in the fatand it actually takes LESS
of the drug to feel the same effects.
Marijuana
The THC in Marijuana today is a higher percentage than in
the 60’s.
THC %’s averages about 8 to 15% with some examples
exceeding 50%
THC can remain in the body for up to 30 days.
There are at least 400 chemicals in Marijuana.
Most often abused drug, more teens are in treatment for this
drug than any other including alcohol.
Gateway drug- what are the 4 drugs?
Marinol- Only federally approved medical
marijuana.
Available through prescription. It comes in the
form of a pill. The active ingredient of Marinaol is
synthetic THC, which has been found to relieve
the nausea & vomiting associated with
chemotherapy for cancer patients and to assist
with the loss of appetite with AIDS and anorexic
patients.
Facts:
- There are NO FDA approved meds that are
smoked, this is a poor way to deliver medicine.
- Smoked forms have harmful
chemicals/carcinogens that create MORE health
problems
- Marijuana cigarettes have FOUR times the amount
of TAR than a tobacco cig.
Hallucinogens pg. 440-442
LSD- can cause flashbacks( trips that strat again without
another dose)
PCP- known tp cause very bizarre behavior, suicides &
violent crime acts.