Sex, Drugs, and Alcohol
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Transcript Sex, Drugs, and Alcohol
Sex, Drugs, and Alcohol
In Adolescence
Michael Hoerger
Sex Facts
25% by age 14
50% by age 17
90% by age 21
Pregnancy before age 16:
Increased risk of complications
1/6 couples are infertile, primarily due to
untreated STIs
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Higher risk in adolescence due to weaker
immune systems, multiple partners, not
using condoms
Most with STIs have no symptoms
Curable: Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis
Life-long: Herpes, HPV, HIV
> 50% lifetime STI rate
25% lifetime herpes rate (90% w/o signs)
Sex Myths
“I can’t get pregnant”
Preventing STIs is effective if…
Using birth control pills, pulling out/showering/
brushing teeth/peeing, not having noticeable
signs, seeming like a “nice person”
Preventing Pregnancy is effective if…
Sex during menstruation, showering
Early pregnancy OR abortion have drastic
negative long-term outcomes
Abstinence programs are most effective
Drugs
“Here and everywhere else, we all use
drugs: aspirin; coffee; tea; vitamins. How
do we define a drug? That’s become a
political concept too. It’s no longer a
pharmacological concept. Caffeine is
certainly one of the most powerful drugs;
Coca-Cola Company fills its drinks full of
caffeine and it is being sold to children in
schools and they become hyperactive.
Wonder of wonders!” – Szasz
Drugs
Gateway drugs:
cigarettes, alcohol, and
marijuana; increase risk
for harder drug use
Drugs
Minor drug or alcohol use is normal;
related to better long-term psychological
outcomes than no use
Alcohol: impairs decision making
(15x the risk for car accidents)
Tobacco: stunts growth, highly addictive
Marijuana: slows thinking and reasoning
Harder Drugs
Cocaine (stimulant): heart and respiratory
problems, paranoia, overdose
Heroin (opioid): overdose
Most problems result from these drugs
being illegal
Turf wars, stealing/fencing to afford drugs,
intravenous drug use, withdrawal
$100 of heroin could be made for pennies/day
Stimulants like caffeine, Ritalin, nicotine,
and cocaine differ mainly in degree
Drugs and Discrimination
“We do our bodies more damage, more
irreversible damage, by smoking
cigarettes and drinking liquor than by
using heroin” – Reiman
“To cast the problem of psychiatric drug
use into the problem of drug use in
general is more honest and realistic and
should enable each person to make a
more informed choice” – Lewontin et al.
Drugs and Discrimination
Marijuana laws began in the 1930s to
discriminate against Mexican Americans
Cocaine became popular among the white
upper class in the 1970s; crack among low
SES in the 1980s
Mandatory 5-year sentence for
500 grams of powder cocaine
OR 5 grams of crack
Crack offenders:
86% black, 5% white
Michael Hoerger
To cite this lecture:
Hoerger, M. (2007, March 12). Sex,
Drugs, and Alcohol. Presented at a PSY
220 lecture at Central Michigan University.