Transcript Slide 1
Advocacy Briefing & Prep • • • • • Advocacy Briefing & Prep Overview Nature of Persuasion (or Advocacy) Building the Advocacy Brief Organization Patterns Delivery Tips Evaluation Procedures Nature of Persuasion (or Advocacy) • Persuasion or advocacy is… •Communication that influences and changes the beliefs, feelings or behavior of a listener • 3 reasons to persuade or advocate: • Convince • Inspire • Motivate Nature of Persuasion (or Advocacy) • Briefing to convince - to alter beliefs, judgments Examples: • Prosecuting attorney tries to convince jurors a defendant is guilty • Legislator attempts to convince others that a tax increase is best way to solve the deficit problem Nature of Persuasion (or Advocacy) • Briefing to inspire – reinforces, intensifies feelings or beliefs of a listener Examples: • Coach gives the football team a pep talk to generate enthusiasm and a winning spirit • A political leader makes a Veterans Day speech to rekindle patriotic feelings Nature of Persuasion (or Advocacy) • Briefing to motivate - inspires audience to act Examples: • American Red Cross worker encourages participation in the upcoming blood drive • Candidate asking for votes Building the Advocacy Briefing 1. Select a Topic - Two sides or multiple solutions – Key to a Successful Topic: • Commitment to issue • Appropriate supporting material • Organization of supporting material Building the Advocacy Briefing 2. Analyze your audience 3. Conduct research – Library sources, internet – Testimonies, statistics, and examples – If evidence does not support your position or viewpoint, be willing to modify the topic Building the Advocacy Briefing 4. Write position statement – Write a sentence, your position statement, that • • • • you can provide a solution you can confidently side with acts as focal point for arguments and supporting materials reveals a clear point of view on a controversial topic Examples: 1. The military must play a bigger role in US drug interdiction efforts. or 2. The military must not play a bigger role in US drug interdiction efforts. Building the Advocacy Briefing 5. Argument strategy (cont) – Use logical arguments (see T&Q, pp42-53) – Use facts, evidence, and rationale reasoning – Use organizational patterns to help audience understand and believe Goal: to influence your audience to consider and ultimately accept your point of view Organization Patterns • Problem-Solution • Pro-Con Plus 1 Organization Patterns: Problem-Solution • Show a problem exists, then discuss possible solutions, ending with proposed solution • Often used for proposition of policy: advocating a course of action or change in future policy • Usually contains the word “should” in the statement Organization Patterns: Problem-Solution Position Statement: The government should use the military to combat the illegal drug problem in the US. Problem: Illegal drug problem in the US is a pressing national issue today. Possible Solutions: 1. Law enforcement 2. Social programs 3. Military intervention Proposed Solution: Military intervention Organization Patterns: Pro-Con Plus 1 1. State both sides of issue evenly 2. Follow with “extra” support for your view not previously discussed, or refute the cons This final Pro or Con equals the “Plus 1” Organization Patterns: Pro-Con Plus 1 Position Statement: The military must play a bigger role in US drug interdiction efforts. Pros: Decreases crime & drug-related health problems Cons: Undermines constitutional liberties and detracts from military training Plus 1: Reduces indirect cost to the nation and slows the degradation of our social structure Delivery Tips • • • • • • • Avoid “I think” or “I believe” comments Only use “ in my opinion” if you are an expert and set yourself up accordingly Stress research sources to build credibility Use eye contact and gestures to emphasize arguments Use facial expressions and voice to express emotions Stay behind the podium, except to emphasize a point Show passion and energy & Practice, Practice, Practice! Briefing Grade Sheet • Informative vs Advocacy Briefings • Introduction, Conclusion • Support Material Position Paper Evaluation • Requirements • Turn-in prior to briefing • Format same as Background Paper • See T&Q (2004), pp 217-218 Summary: Advocacy Briefing & Prep • • • • • Nature of Persuasion (or Advocacy) Building the Advocacy Brief Organization Patterns Delivery Tips Evaluation Procedures Tim Russert, moderator of “Meet the Press” said, referring to Arnold Schwarzenegger, on the “Today Show,” 24 Sep 03: “You have to be able to articulate your position.” And now look who’s governor of California!