Transcript Document
Drug Use Prevention Workshop Mentor Foundation Nairobi, 19 October 2011 by Dr.Reychad Abdool Senior INDIVIDUAL. FAMILY. SCHOOL. COMMUNITY SOCIETY I SIMULTANEOUS MULTI-CHANNEL APPROACH IN PREVENTION DRUG AVAILABILITY SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY PRICE REGULATION INTERDICTION ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS: INDIVIDUAL FACTORS: C S F SELF ESTEEM SELF CONFIDENCE PEER REFUSAL SKILLS RESILIENCE MOTIVATED FOR SUCCESS ETC I B PARENTAL SUPPORT PEERS ROLE MODELS SOCIETAL & COMMUNITY NORMS & VALUES SCHOOL SUPPORT SPORTS/LEISURE FACILITIES CLUBS SUPPORT FAITH-BASED ORGS MEDIA MOVIES INTERNET I P S 3 UNODC support to drug prevention • Included in UNODC Regional Programme for “Promoting the Rule of Law and Human security in Eastern Africa 2009-2012” • Endorsed by a Regional Ministerial Conference in November 2009 • Joint SADC/UNODC Regional Programme for Southern Africa (Expert Meeting held in Gaborone; second one to be held in South Africa in November 2011) • Included in the National drug Control Master Plan of several countries, including Kenya UNODC support to drug prevention • Support to NGOs to establish the Regional Youth Network in Comoros, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Tanzania, Zanzibar • Still active in Kenya, Madagascar and Mauritius • Developed the Peer-to-Peer drug prevention manual Child maltreatment among opioid-dependent cases/matched non-opioid dependent controls Physical abuse % 36.4 control Sexual abuse % 56.3 Penetrative % 27.6 control 57.5 case 71.8 56.2 case Conroy et al., 2009, NDARC 6 Gene X Environment interaction in addiction pathogenesis + EARLY SOCIAL DEPRIVATION GENE VARIANT SEROTONINE T. SUBSTANCE ABUSE VULNERABILITY . 7 Gorwood et al., 2007 Is it possible to change the trajectory of children at risk? genotype – temperament - personality traits pregnancy trauma abuse neglect affectionless control lack of supervision adverse experiences RISK protection and support warm childrearing style monitoring and supervision acceptance rewarding psychological autonomy clear rules RESILIENCE Support for drug dependence treatment • • • • • • Training of health workers in 2011 375 in Kenya 66 in Uganda, 150 more to be trained 63 in Tanzania; 200+ more to be trained 136 in Zambia 4,500 drug users treated from Jan to Aug 2011 in Mombasa • Sustainable Livelihood project in Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zanzibar and Zambia • Active NGO Sector in prevention and outreach Other countries • • • • • • • • Capacity building for health workers in: Nigeria: 336 (2011) Cap Verde: 106 (2011) Ethiopia: 80+; DDT decentralized to 17 hospitals in 5 regions (2011,2012) Mozambique: 143 (2011) Madagascar: 72 (2011) Seychelles: 93; DDT Unit set up in Mahe (2011) Malawi, Namibia, Cote d’Ivoire and Sierra Leone Drug Prevention • Thank you