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Management Information
Systems
Databases
in the World of Building
Business Intelligence
November2003
Created and Presented By:
Heather N. Dunn
Business Intelligence
Is knowledge
-
About your customers
About your competitors
About your partners
About your competitive environment
About your own internal operations
Comes from Information
Enables your organization to extrapolate
the true meaning of information to take
creative and powerful steps to ensure a
competitive advantage
Business Intelligence
Doesn’t magically appear
First gather and organize information
Then have the right IT (Information
Technology) tools to define and analyze
various relationships within the information
Knowledge workers such as yourselves us IT
tools to create business intelligence from
information
Technology alone won’t do it for you
Technology such as databases, database
management systems, data warehouses, and
data mining tools can definitely help you build
and use business intelligence
Information
Business Intelligence
How many
products sold
over $10,000
last month
Add A Product
Change A
Product Price
Change
Advertising
Time Table
Product
Database
Advertising
Database
Increase Radio
Budget
Increase
Customer
Credit Limit
Customer
Database
Change
Customer
Salary Level
Online Transaction Processing
Data Warehouse
If inventory
levels are
reduced by
10%, what is
the new total
cost of
inventory
carried
Can customer
profile changes
support a high
priced product?
Online Analytical
Processing
Databases
A collection of information that you
organize and access according to the
logical structure of that information
Four primary models for creating
databases
- Newest one being object-oriented database
model
Most popular database model: The
Relational Database Model
Relational Database Model
 Uses a series of logically related twodimensional tables or files to store
information in the form of a database

Relation – describes each two-dimensional table or file
in the relational model
 Actually composed of two distinct parts:
I.
II.
The information itself, stored in a series of
two-dimensional tables, files, or relations
The logical structure of that information
Relational Database Model
Collection of Information
Picture provided by “Management Information Systems for the Information Age”, Fourth Edition by
HAAG/CUMMINGS/MCCUBBRY (Page 131)
Relational Database Model
Organize and access information
according to its logical structure and not its
physical position
Ex.) You don’t care which row the Customer’s file will
appear, all you care about is their Customer #, ID, or that
persons first and last name.
The very first thing you create is a data
dictionary when creating a database
Data Dictionary
Contains the logical
structure for the
information
Contains important
information or logical
properties about your
information
Example of A Data Dictionary
Part Number is the primary
key because of the key
icon beside it.
For Percentage Markup, we
defined its Format as
“Percent” and its number
of decimal places as 2.
Picture provided by “Management Information Systems for the Information Age”, Fourth Edition by
HAAG/CUMMINGS/MCCUBBRY (Page 131)
Other Requirements
Must create ties or relationships in the information
that show how the files relate to each other
These relationships are used extensively to create
business intelligence because the enable us to track
the logical relationships among many types of
information
Before creating them among files, you must first
specify the primary key for each file
Primary key – is a field or group of fields in some cases that
uniquely describe each record
When identifying a primary key, you are saying that
a field can not be blank
Other Requirements
Some Other Additional Things That are
Needed:
Foreign Key
– a primary key of one file that appears in
another file
– Are essential in the relational database
model
Without them, you have no way of creating logical
ties among various files
Creation of Logical Ties W/
Primary & Foreign Keys
Part File
Part Number – Primary Key
Facility Number – Foreign Key
Distributor ID – Foreign Key
Distributor File
Distributor ID – Primary Key
Facility File
Facility Number – Primary Key
Manager Number – Foreign Key
Employee File
Employee Number – Primary Key
Integrity Constraints
By defining the logical structure of
information in a relational database,
integrity constraints are developed
– rules that help ensure the quality of information
Database Management Systems
(DBMS)



Helps you specify the logical organization for
a database and access and use the
information within a database
Provide the tools you use to work with a
database
Contains five important software components
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
DBMS engine
Data Definition Subsystem
Data Manipulation Subsystem
Application Generation Subsystem
Data Administration Subsystem